diff --git a/src/main/java/org/syndicate_lang/actors/Actor.java b/src/main/java/org/syndicate_lang/actors/Actor.java
index 246fa84..671df38 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/syndicate_lang/actors/Actor.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/syndicate_lang/actors/Actor.java
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import java.util.logging.Logger;
 /**
  * I represent the shared execution concepts for a collection of objects; I am roughly analogous to the E concept of a Vat.
  */
-public class Actor implements Executor {
+public class Actor {
     private final static AtomicLong _count = new AtomicLong(0);
     private final static AtomicLong _actorId = new AtomicLong(0);
     protected final static ExecutorService _executor = Executors.newWorkStealingPool();
@@ -28,11 +28,11 @@ public class Actor implements Executor {
     private boolean _isCounted = true;
     private Map<Long, Ref> _outbound;
 
-    private final static class WorkItem extends AtomicReference<WorkItem> {
-        Runnable work;
+    public final static class WorkItem extends AtomicReference<WorkItem> {
+        Consumer<Turn> work;
         Runnable ifNotAlive;
 
-        public WorkItem(Runnable work, Runnable ifNotAlive) {
+        public WorkItem(Consumer<Turn> work, Runnable ifNotAlive) {
             this.work = work;
             this.ifNotAlive = ifNotAlive;
         }
@@ -69,9 +69,9 @@ public class Actor implements Executor {
     public static Promise<Ref> boot(Function<Turn, IEntity> f) {
         final Promise<Ref> p = new Promise<>();
         final Actor a = new Actor();
-        a.execute(
-                () -> a.scheduleTurn(t -> p.resolveCalling(() -> a.ref(f.apply(t)))),
-                () -> p.rejectWith(new ActorTerminated(a)));
+        a.execute(new WorkItem(
+            t -> p.resolveCalling(() -> a.ref(f.apply(t))),
+            () -> p.rejectWith(new ActorTerminated(a))));
         return p;
     }
 
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ public class Actor implements Executor {
     }
 
     public void scheduleTurn(Consumer<Turn> f) {
-        this.execute(() -> this._performTurn(f));
+        this.execute(new WorkItem(f, null));
     }
 
     void _performTurn(Consumer<Turn> f) {
@@ -146,21 +146,17 @@ public class Actor implements Executor {
         }
     }
 
-    private void _performSync(Runnable work, Runnable ifNotAlive) {
+    private void _performSync(WorkItem item) {
         synchronized (this) {
-            _perform(work, ifNotAlive);
+            _perform(item);
         }
     }
 
-    private void _perform(Runnable work, Runnable ifNotAlive) {
+    private void _perform(WorkItem item) {
         if (!_alive) {
-            if (ifNotAlive != null) ifNotAlive.run();
+            if (item.ifNotAlive != null) item.ifNotAlive.run();
         } else {
-            try {
-                work.run();
-            } catch (Throwable exn) {
-                this._stop(false, exn);
-            }
+            this._performTurn(item.work);
         }
     }
 
@@ -173,10 +169,9 @@ public class Actor implements Executor {
     }
     public Promise<?> stop(boolean normally, Throwable reason) {
         Promise<?> p = new Promise<>();
-        this.execute(() -> {
-            this._stop(normally, reason);
-            p.resolve();
-        }, p::resolve);
+        this.execute(new WorkItem(
+            _f -> { this._stop(normally, reason); p.resolve(); },
+            p::resolve));
         return p;
     }
 
@@ -198,16 +193,8 @@ public class Actor implements Executor {
         }
     }
 
-    @Override
-    public void execute(Runnable work) {
-        this.execute(work, null);
-    }
-
-    public void execute(Runnable work, Runnable ifNotAlive) {
-        {
-            WorkItem i = new WorkItem(work, ifNotAlive);
-            tail.getAndSet(i).set(i);
-        }
+    public void execute(WorkItem item) {
+        tail.getAndSet(item).set(item);
         if (workItemCount.getAndIncrement() == 0) {
             _executor.execute(() -> {
                 synchronized (this) {
@@ -217,7 +204,7 @@ public class Actor implements Executor {
                             WorkItem i = null;
                             while (i == null) i = head.get();
                             head = i;
-                            this._perform(i.work, i.ifNotAlive);
+                            this._perform(i);
                             i.clear();
                         }
                         batch = workItemCount.addAndGet(-batch);
@@ -227,29 +214,32 @@ public class Actor implements Executor {
         }
     }
 
-    public void later(long delayMilliseconds, Runnable work) {
-        this.later(delayMilliseconds, work, null);
-    }
-
-    public void later(long delayMilliseconds, Runnable work, Runnable ifNotAlive) {
+    public void later(long delayMilliseconds, WorkItem item) {
         if (delayMilliseconds == 0) {
-            this.execute(work, ifNotAlive);
+            this.execute(item);
         } else {
-            _scheduledExecutor.schedule(() -> this._performSync(work, ifNotAlive), delayMilliseconds, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+            _scheduledExecutor.schedule(
+                () -> this._performSync(item),
+                delayMilliseconds,
+                TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
         }
     }
 
-    public PeriodicTimer every(long periodMilliseconds, Runnable f) {
-        return every(0, periodMilliseconds, f);
-    }
-
-    public PeriodicTimer every(long initialDelayMilliseconds, long periodMilliseconds, Runnable f) {
-        return new PeriodicTimer(
-                _scheduledExecutor.scheduleAtFixedRate(
-                        () -> this._performSync(f, null),
-                        initialDelayMilliseconds,
-                        periodMilliseconds,
-                        TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS));
+    public PeriodicTimer every(long initialDelayMilliseconds, long periodMilliseconds, Consumer<Turn> f) {
+        final var self = this;
+        final var callback = new Runnable() {
+            PeriodicTimer timer;
+            public void run() {
+                self._performSync(new WorkItem(f, this.timer::cancel));
+            }
+        };
+        callback.timer = new PeriodicTimer(
+            _scheduledExecutor.scheduleAtFixedRate(
+                callback,
+                initialDelayMilliseconds,
+                periodMilliseconds,
+                TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS));
+        return callback.timer;
     }
 
     public static void awaitAll() throws InterruptedException {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/syndicate_lang/actors/Promise.java b/src/main/java/org/syndicate_lang/actors/Promise.java
index 59b512a..a3657ec 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/syndicate_lang/actors/Promise.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/syndicate_lang/actors/Promise.java
@@ -127,18 +127,18 @@ public class Promise<T> implements Future<T> {
     public synchronized<R> Promise<R> andThen(Actor a0, final Function<T, R> ok, final Function<Throwable, R> fail) {
         final Actor a = a0 != null ? a0 : new Actor();
         Promise<R> p = new Promise<>();
-        this.whenFulfilled((t) -> a.execute(
-                () -> p.resolveCalling(() -> ok.apply(t)),
-                () -> p.rejectWith(new ActorTerminated(a))));
-        this.whenRejected((e) -> a.execute(
-                () -> {
-                    if (fail == null) {
-                        p.rejectWith(e);
-                    } else {
-                        p.resolveCalling(() -> fail.apply(e));
-                    }
-                },
-                () -> p.rejectWith(new ActorTerminated(a))));
+        this.whenFulfilled((t) -> a.execute(new Actor.WorkItem(
+            _turn -> p.resolveCalling(() -> ok.apply(t)),
+            () -> p.rejectWith(new ActorTerminated(a)))));
+        this.whenRejected((e) -> a.execute(new Actor.WorkItem(
+            _turn -> {
+                if (fail == null) {
+                    p.rejectWith(e);
+                } else {
+                    p.resolveCalling(() -> fail.apply(e));
+                }
+            },
+            () -> p.rejectWith(new ActorTerminated(a)))));
         return p;
     }
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/syndicate_lang/actors/Turn.java b/src/main/java/org/syndicate_lang/actors/Turn.java
index b3b29d4..21a8c5f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/syndicate_lang/actors/Turn.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/syndicate_lang/actors/Turn.java
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ public class Turn {
     }
 
     public void later(long delayMilliseconds, Consumer<Turn> action) {
-        _actor.later(delayMilliseconds, () -> _actor.scheduleTurn(action));
+        _actor.later(delayMilliseconds, new Actor.WorkItem(action, null));
     }
 
     public PeriodicTimer every(long periodMilliseconds, Consumer<Turn> action) {
@@ -161,6 +161,6 @@ public class Turn {
     }
 
     public PeriodicTimer every(long initialDelayMilliseconds, long periodMilliseconds, Consumer<Turn> action) {
-        return _actor.every(initialDelayMilliseconds, periodMilliseconds, () -> _actor.scheduleTurn(action));
+        return _actor.every(initialDelayMilliseconds, periodMilliseconds, action);
     }
 }