diff --git a/prospect/core.rkt b/prospect/core.rkt
index a456d6f..b02e599 100644
--- a/prospect/core.rkt
+++ b/prospect/core.rkt
@@ -148,8 +148,11 @@
 
 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
+(define (general-transition? v)
+  (or (not v) (transition? v) (quit? v)))
+
 (define (ensure-transition v)
-  (if (or (not v) (transition? v) (quit? v))
+  (if (general-transition? v)
       v
       (raise (exn:fail:contract (format "Expected transition, quit or #f; got ~v" v)
 				(current-continuation-marks)))))
@@ -227,16 +230,15 @@
 (define (make-quit #:exception [exn #f] . actions)
   (quit exn actions))
 
-(define-syntax-rule (spawn-process behavior-exp initial-state-exp initial-patch-exp ...)
+(define-syntax-rule (spawn-process behavior-exp initial-state-exp initial-action-tree-exp)
   (spawn (lambda ()
-           (list (patch-seq initial-patch-exp ...)
-                 behavior-exp
-                 initial-state-exp))))
+           (list behavior-exp
+                 (transition initial-state-exp initial-action-tree-exp)))))
 
-(define-syntax-rule (spawn/stateless behavior-exp initial-patch-exp ...)
+(define-syntax-rule (spawn/stateless behavior-exp initial-action-tree-exp)
   (spawn-process (stateless-behavior-wrap behavior-exp)
                  (void)
-                 initial-patch-exp ...))
+                 initial-action-tree-exp))
 
 (define ((stateless-behavior-wrap b) e state)
   (match (b e)
@@ -256,9 +258,8 @@
 
 (define (make-spawn-world boot-actions-thunk)
   (spawn (lambda ()
-           (list empty-patch
-                 world-handle-event
-                 (make-world (boot-actions-thunk))))))
+           (list world-handle-event
+                 (transition (make-world (boot-actions-thunk)) '())))))
 
 (define (transition-bind k t0)
   (match t0
@@ -308,25 +309,15 @@
      (invoke-process 'booting
                      (lambda ()
                        (match (boot)
-                         [(and results (list (? patch?) (? procedure?) _))
+                         [(and results (list (? procedure?) (? general-transition?)))
                           results]
                          [other
                           (error 'spawn
                                  "Spawn boot procedure must yield boot spec; received ~v"
                                  other)]))
                      (lambda (results)
-                       (match-define (list initial-patch behavior initial-state) results)
-                       (define-values (new-mux new-pid patches meta-action)
-                         (mux-add-stream (world-mux w) initial-patch))
-                       (let* ((w (update-state w new-pid initial-state))
-                              (w (mark-pid-runnable w new-pid))
-                              (w (struct-copy world w
-                                              [mux new-mux]
-                                              [behaviors (hash-set (world-behaviors w)
-                                                                   new-pid
-                                                                   behavior)]))
-                              (w (deliver-patches w patches meta-action)))
-                         w))
+                       (match-define (list behavior initial-transition) results)
+                       (create-process w behavior initial-transition))
                      (lambda (exn)
                        (log-error "Spawned process in world ~a died with exception:\n~a"
                                   (trace-pid-stack)
@@ -352,6 +343,37 @@
                    (send-event m pid w))
                  (and send-to-meta? (message (at-meta-claim body))))]))
 
+(define (create-process w behavior initial-transition)
+  (if (not initial-transition)
+      w ;; Uh, ok
+      (let ()
+        (define-values (postprocess initial-actions)
+          (match (clean-transition initial-transition)
+            [(and q (quit exn initial-actions0))
+             (values (lambda (w pid)
+                       (trace-process-step-result 'boot pid behavior (void) exn q)
+                       (disable-process pid exn w))
+                     (append initial-actions0 (list 'quit)))]
+            [(and t (transition initial-state initial-actions0))
+             (values (lambda (w pid)
+                       (trace-process-step-result 'boot pid behavior (void) #f t)
+                       (mark-pid-runnable (update-state w pid initial-state) pid))
+                     initial-actions0)]))
+        (define-values (initial-patch remaining-initial-actions)
+          (match initial-actions
+            [(cons (? patch? p) rest) (values p rest)]
+            [other (values empty-patch other)]))
+        (define-values (new-mux new-pid patches meta-action)
+          (mux-add-stream (world-mux w) initial-patch))
+        (let* ((w (struct-copy world w
+                               [mux new-mux]
+                               [behaviors (hash-set (world-behaviors w)
+                                                    new-pid
+                                                    behavior)]))
+               (w (enqueue-actions (postprocess w new-pid) new-pid remaining-initial-actions))
+               (w (deliver-patches w patches meta-action)))
+          w))))
+
 (define (deliver-patches w patches meta-action)
   (transition (for/fold [(w w)] [(entry (in-list patches))]
                 (match-define (cons label event) entry)
diff --git a/prospect/demand-matcher.rkt b/prospect/demand-matcher.rkt
index d3e2c07..553159e 100644
--- a/prospect/demand-matcher.rkt
+++ b/prospect/demand-matcher.rkt
@@ -99,9 +99,9 @@
 				 (lambda (acs . rs) (cons (apply decrease-handler rs) acs))))
   (spawn demand-matcher-handle-event
 	 d
-         (sub (projection->pattern demand-spec) #:meta-level meta-level)
-         (sub (projection->pattern supply-spec) #:meta-level meta-level)
-         (pub (projection->pattern supply-spec) #:meta-level meta-level)))
+         (patch-seq (sub (projection->pattern demand-spec) #:meta-level meta-level)
+                    (sub (projection->pattern supply-spec) #:meta-level meta-level)
+                    (pub (projection->pattern supply-spec) #:meta-level meta-level))))
 
 ;; (Matcher (Option (Setof (Listof Value))) ... -> (Option (Constreeof Action)))
 ;;    Matcher Projection ...
@@ -137,6 +137,6 @@
    (when timeout-msec (message (set-timer timer-id timeout-msec 'relative)))
    (spawn on-claim-handler
           (matcher-empty)
-          (patch base-interests (matcher-empty))
-          (patch-seq* (map projection->pattern projections))
-          (sub (timer-expired timer-id ?)))))
+          (patch-seq (patch base-interests (matcher-empty))
+                     (patch-seq* (map projection->pattern projections))
+                     (sub (timer-expired timer-id ?))))))
diff --git a/prospect/drivers/tcp.rkt b/prospect/drivers/tcp.rkt
index 4dcfda5..7d6f015 100644
--- a/prospect/drivers/tcp.rkt
+++ b/prospect/drivers/tcp.rkt
@@ -90,10 +90,11 @@
   (thread (lambda () (tcp-listener-thread control-ch listener server-addr)))
   (spawn tcp-listener-behavior
 	 (listener-state control-ch server-addr)
-         (sub (advertise (observe (tcp-channel ? server-addr ?)))) ;; monitor peer
-         (pub (advertise (tcp-channel ? server-addr ?))) ;; declare we might make connections
-         (sub (tcp-accepted ? server-addr ? ?) #:meta-level 1) ;; events from driver thread
-         ))
+         (patch-seq
+          (sub (advertise (observe (tcp-channel ? server-addr ?)))) ;; monitor peer
+          (pub (advertise (tcp-channel ? server-addr ?))) ;; declare we might make connections
+          (sub (tcp-accepted ? server-addr ? ?) #:meta-level 1) ;; events from driver thread
+          )))
 
 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 ;; Outbound Connection
@@ -176,8 +177,9 @@
   (thread (lambda () (tcp-connection-thread remote-addr local-addr control-ch cin)))
   (spawn tcp-connection
 	 (connection-state control-ch cout)
-         (sub (observe (tcp-channel remote-addr local-addr ?))) ;; monitor peer
-         (pub (tcp-channel remote-addr local-addr ?)) ;; may send segments to peer
-         (sub (tcp-channel local-addr remote-addr ?)) ;; want segments from peer
-         (sub (tcp-channel remote-addr local-addr ?) #:meta-level 1) ;; segments from driver thread
-         ))
+         (patch-seq
+          (sub (observe (tcp-channel remote-addr local-addr ?))) ;; monitor peer
+          (pub (tcp-channel remote-addr local-addr ?)) ;; may send segments to peer
+          (sub (tcp-channel local-addr remote-addr ?)) ;; want segments from peer
+          (sub (tcp-channel remote-addr local-addr ?) #:meta-level 1) ;; segments from driver thread
+          )))
diff --git a/prospect/drivers/timer.rkt b/prospect/drivers/timer.rkt
index 1dc8133..dcd8d07 100644
--- a/prospect/drivers/timer.rkt
+++ b/prospect/drivers/timer.rkt
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@
       [_ #f]))
   (spawn timer-driver
          0 ;; initial count
-         (sub (set-timer ? ? ?))
-         (pub (timer-expired ? ?))))
+         (patch-seq (sub (set-timer ? ? ?))
+                    (pub (timer-expired ? ?)))))
 
 (define (timer-driver-thread-main control-ch)
   (define heap (make-timer-heap))
diff --git a/prospect/drivers/udp.rkt b/prospect/drivers/udp.rkt
index 5133723..dc9a650 100644
--- a/prospect/drivers/udp.rkt
+++ b/prospect/drivers/udp.rkt
@@ -69,10 +69,10 @@
 	      #f]
 	     [_ #f]))
 	 (void)
-         (sub (udp-packet ? local-addr ?) #:meta-level 1)
-         (sub (udp-packet local-addr (udp-remote-address ? ?) ?))
-         (pub (udp-packet (udp-remote-address ? ?) local-addr ?))
-         (sub (observe (udp-packet (udp-remote-address ? ?) local-addr ?)))))
+         (patch-seq (sub (udp-packet ? local-addr ?) #:meta-level 1)
+                    (sub (udp-packet local-addr (udp-remote-address ? ?) ?))
+                    (pub (udp-packet (udp-remote-address ? ?) local-addr ?))
+                    (sub (observe (udp-packet (udp-remote-address ? ?) local-addr ?))))))
 
 ;; UdpLocalAddress UdpSocket Channel -> Void
 (define (udp-receiver-thread local-addr socket control-ch)
diff --git a/prospect/drivers/websocket.rkt b/prospect/drivers/websocket.rkt
index 8c5af43..aa566b1 100644
--- a/prospect/drivers/websocket.rkt
+++ b/prospect/drivers/websocket.rkt
@@ -107,10 +107,11 @@
 				       (connection-handler server-addr)))
   (spawn websocket-listener
 	 (listener-state shutdown-procedure server-addr)
-         (sub (advertise (observe (websocket-message ? server-addr ?)))) ;; monitor peer
-         (pub (advertise (websocket-message ? server-addr ?))) ;; declare we might make connections
-         (sub (websocket-connection ? server-addr ? ? ?) #:meta-level 1) ;; events from driver thd
-         ))
+         (patch-seq
+          (sub (advertise (observe (websocket-message ? server-addr ?)))) ;; monitor peer
+          (pub (advertise (websocket-message ? server-addr ?))) ;; declare we might make connections
+          (sub (websocket-connection ? server-addr ? ? ?) #:meta-level 1) ;; events from driver thd
+          )))
 
 (define (spawn-websocket-connection local-addr remote-addr)
   (match-define (websocket-remote-server url) remote-addr)
@@ -136,8 +137,9 @@
               (transition (cons m buffered-messages-rev) '())]
              [_ #f]))
          '()
-         (sub (websocket-connection id local-addr remote-addr ? control-ch) #:meta-level 1)
-         (sub (websocket-message local-addr remote-addr ?))))
+         (patch-seq
+          (sub (websocket-connection id local-addr remote-addr ? control-ch) #:meta-level 1)
+          (sub (websocket-message local-addr remote-addr ?)))))
 
 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 ;; Connection
@@ -173,8 +175,9 @@
 (define (spawn-connection local-addr remote-addr id c control-ch)
   (spawn websocket-connection-behaviour
 	 (connection-state local-addr remote-addr c control-ch)
-         (sub (observe (websocket-message remote-addr local-addr ?))) ;; monitor peer
-	 (pub (websocket-message remote-addr local-addr ?)) ;; may send messages to peer
-         (sub (websocket-message local-addr remote-addr ?)) ;; want segments from peer
-         (sub (websocket-incoming-message id ?) #:meta-level 1) ;; segments from driver thd
-         ))
+         (patch-seq
+          (sub (observe (websocket-message remote-addr local-addr ?))) ;; monitor peer
+          (pub (websocket-message remote-addr local-addr ?)) ;; may send messages to peer
+          (sub (websocket-message local-addr remote-addr ?)) ;; want segments from peer
+          (sub (websocket-incoming-message id ?) #:meta-level 1) ;; segments from driver thd
+          )))
diff --git a/prospect/endpoint.rkt b/prospect/endpoint.rkt
index 6aa3fa0..c8014c3 100644
--- a/prospect/endpoint.rkt
+++ b/prospect/endpoint.rkt
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
          (struct-out delete-endpoint)
          make-endpoint-group
          spawn-endpoint-group
+         boot-endpoint-group
          endpoint-action?
          (struct-out endpoint)
          endpoint-group-handle-event
@@ -50,20 +51,19 @@
                   (hash)
                   initial-state))
 
-(define-syntax-rule (spawn-endpoint-group initial-state add-endpoint-instruction ...)
-  (<spawn> (lambda ()
-             (define-values (final-cumulative-patch final-actions final-g)
-               (interpret-endpoint-actions empty-patch
-                                           '()
-                                           (make-endpoint-group initial-state)
-                                           -1
-                                           (list add-endpoint-instruction ...)))
-             (when (not (null? final-actions))
-               (error 'spawn-endpoint-group
-                      "Unexpected initial actions: ~v" final-actions))
-             (list final-cumulative-patch
-                   endpoint-group-handle-event
-                   final-g))))
+(define-syntax-rule (spawn-endpoint-group initial-state action-constree ...)
+  (<spawn> (lambda () (boot-endpoint-group initial-state (list action-constree ...)))))
+
+(define (boot-endpoint-group initial-state initial-actions)
+  (define-values (final-cumulative-patch final-actions final-g)
+    (interpret-endpoint-actions empty-patch
+                                '()
+                                (make-endpoint-group initial-state)
+                                -1
+                                initial-actions))
+  (list endpoint-group-handle-event
+        (transition final-g (incorporate-cumulative-patch final-actions
+                                                          final-cumulative-patch))))
 
 (define (endpoint-action? a)
   (or (action? a)
diff --git a/prospect/examples/big-bang.rkt b/prospect/examples/big-bang.rkt
index fd90f95..ebea6b3 100644
--- a/prospect/examples/big-bang.rkt
+++ b/prospect/examples/big-bang.rkt
@@ -12,14 +12,15 @@
              [(message (at-meta (mouse-event _ _ _ "button-down"))) (transition s (callback))]
              [_ #f]))
          (void)
-         (let ((label-image (text label font-size foreground)))
-           (update-window name x y
-                          (overlay label-image
-                                   (rectangle (+ (image-width label-image) 20)
-                                              (+ (image-height label-image) 20)
-                                              "solid"
-                                              background))))
-         (sub (mouse-event ? ? name ?) #:meta-level 1)))
+         (patch-seq
+          (let ((label-image (text label font-size foreground)))
+            (update-window name x y
+                           (overlay label-image
+                                    (rectangle (+ (image-width label-image) 20)
+                                               (+ (image-height label-image) 20)
+                                               "solid"
+                                               background))))
+          (sub (mouse-event ? ? name ?) #:meta-level 1))))
 
 (define (draggable-shape name orig-x orig-y image)
   (struct idle (ticks x y) #:transparent)
@@ -45,9 +46,9 @@
                              (mouse-sub name)))]
           [(_ _) #f])
          (idle 0 orig-x orig-y)
-         (sub (tick-event) #:meta-level 1)
-         (mouse-sub name)
-         (move-to orig-x orig-y)))
+         (patch-seq (sub (tick-event) #:meta-level 1)
+                    (mouse-sub name)
+                    (move-to orig-x orig-y))))
 
 (big-bang-world #:width 640
                 #:height 480
diff --git a/prospect/examples/box-and-client.rkt b/prospect/examples/box-and-client.rkt
index e766c5f..04d4ca0 100644
--- a/prospect/examples/box-and-client.rkt
+++ b/prospect/examples/box-and-client.rkt
@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@
                                              (assert (box-state new-value))))]
            [_ #f]))
        0
-       (sub (set-box ?))
-       (assert (box-state 0)))
+       (patch-seq (sub (set-box ?))
+                  (assert (box-state 0))))
 
 (spawn (lambda (e s)
          (match e
@@ -23,4 +23,4 @@
                             (message (set-box (+ v 1)))))]
            [_ #f]))
        (void)
-       (sub (box-state ?)))
+       (patch-seq (sub (box-state ?))))
diff --git a/prospect/examples/chat-client.rkt b/prospect/examples/chat-client.rkt
index bed31b0..7549fdd 100644
--- a/prospect/examples/chat-client.rkt
+++ b/prospect/examples/chat-client.rkt
@@ -19,8 +19,9 @@
                       (flush-output)
                       #f]
                      [_ #f]))
-                 (sub (external-event (read-bytes-line-evt (current-input-port) 'any) ?)
-                      #:meta-level 1)
-                 (sub (tcp-channel remote-handle local-handle ?))
-                 (sub (advertise (tcp-channel remote-handle local-handle ?)))
-                 (pub (tcp-channel local-handle remote-handle ?)))
+                 (patch-seq
+                  (sub (external-event (read-bytes-line-evt (current-input-port) 'any) ?)
+                       #:meta-level 1)
+                  (sub (tcp-channel remote-handle local-handle ?))
+                  (sub (advertise (tcp-channel remote-handle local-handle ?)))
+                  (pub (tcp-channel local-handle remote-handle ?))))
diff --git a/prospect/examples/chat.rkt b/prospect/examples/chat.rkt
index a60d81c..9f86a59 100644
--- a/prospect/examples/chat.rkt
+++ b/prospect/examples/chat.rkt
@@ -30,13 +30,14 @@
                     (list (for/list [(who arrived)] (say who "arrived."))
                           (for/list [(who departed)] (say who "departed.")))))]
              [#f #f]))
-         (sub `(,? says ,?)) ;; read actual chat messages
-         (sub (advertise `(,? says ,?))) ;; observe peer presence
-         (pub `(,user says ,?)) ;; advertise our presence
-         (sub (tcp-channel them us ?) #:meta-level 1) ;; read from remote client
-         (sub (advertise (tcp-channel them us ?)) #:meta-level 1) ;; monitor remote client
-         (pub (tcp-channel us them ?) #:meta-level 1) ;; we will write to remote client
-         )))
+         (patch-seq
+          (sub `(,? says ,?)) ;; read actual chat messages
+          (sub (advertise `(,? says ,?))) ;; observe peer presence
+          (pub `(,user says ,?)) ;; advertise our presence
+          (sub (tcp-channel them us ?) #:meta-level 1) ;; read from remote client
+          (sub (advertise (tcp-channel them us ?)) #:meta-level 1) ;; monitor remote client
+          (pub (tcp-channel us them ?) #:meta-level 1) ;; we will write to remote client
+          ))))
 
 (spawn-tcp-driver)
 (spawn-world
diff --git a/prospect/examples/durable-key-value-store.rkt b/prospect/examples/durable-key-value-store.rkt
index 8de1add..938abe5 100644
--- a/prospect/examples/durable-key-value-store.rkt
+++ b/prospect/examples/durable-key-value-store.rkt
@@ -94,8 +94,8 @@
                                  (transition-bind (process-suggestion suggestion) t)))]
              [_ #f]))
          (db-state (load-epoch directory) directory (set))
-         (sub (observe (binding ? ? ? ?)))
-         (sub (update ? ? ? ?))))
+         (patch-seq (sub (observe (binding ? ? ? ?)))
+                    (sub (update ? ? ? ?)))))
 
 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
@@ -118,8 +118,8 @@
                                     other-epoch other-version other-value))])]
              [_ #f]))
          (void)
-         (assert (update key epoch version value))
-         (sub (binding key ? ? ?))))
+         (patch-seq (assert (update key epoch version value))
+                    (sub (binding key ? ? ?)))))
 
 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
diff --git a/prospect/examples/echo.rkt b/prospect/examples/echo.rkt
index ea7a55e..01fc72a 100644
--- a/prospect/examples/echo.rkt
+++ b/prospect/examples/echo.rkt
@@ -19,6 +19,6 @@
                                     (transition state (message (tcp-channel dst src bs)))]
                                    [_ #f]))
                                (void)
-                               (sub (advertise (tcp-channel c server-id ?)))
-                               (sub (tcp-channel c server-id ?))
-                               (pub (tcp-channel server-id c ?)))))
+                               (patch-seq (sub (advertise (tcp-channel c server-id ?)))
+                                          (sub (tcp-channel c server-id ?))
+                                          (pub (tcp-channel server-id c ?))))))
diff --git a/prospect/examples/endpoint-example.rkt b/prospect/examples/endpoint-example.rkt
index ed9e1ed..cc2d947 100644
--- a/prospect/examples/endpoint-example.rkt
+++ b/prospect/examples/endpoint-example.rkt
@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@
          (when (message? e) (log-info "general: ~v" e))
          #f)
        (void)
-       (sub ?)
-       (unsub (observe ?))
-       (unsub (at-meta ?)))
+       (patch-seq (sub ?)
+                  (unsub (observe ?))
+                  (unsub (at-meta ?))))
 
 (spawn-endpoint-group 0
                       (add-endpoint
diff --git a/prospect/examples/example-lang.rkt b/prospect/examples/example-lang.rkt
index 968c233..95b4ec5 100644
--- a/prospect/examples/example-lang.rkt
+++ b/prospect/examples/example-lang.rkt
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
     [_ #f]))
 
 (spawn-world (spawn r (void) (sub ?))
-             (spawn b 0))
+             (spawn b 0 '()))
 
 (define (echoer e s)
   (match e
@@ -38,7 +38,8 @@
      (transition s (message `(print (got-line ,line))))]
     [_ #f]))
 
-(spawn echoer (void)
+(spawn echoer
+       (void)
        (sub (external-event (read-line-evt (current-input-port) 'any) ?) #:meta-level 1))
 
 (define (ticker e s)
@@ -56,9 +57,10 @@
 
 (spawn-timer-driver)
 (message (set-timer 'tick 1000 'relative))
-(spawn ticker 1
-       (sub (observe (set-timer ? ? ?)))
-       (sub (timer-expired 'tick ?)))
+(spawn ticker
+       1
+       (patch-seq (sub (observe (set-timer ? ? ?)))
+                  (sub (timer-expired 'tick ?))))
 
 (define (printer e s)
   (match e
@@ -67,4 +69,6 @@
      #f]
     [_ #f]))
 
-(spawn printer (void) (sub `(print ,?)))
+(spawn printer
+       (void)
+       (sub `(print ,?)))
diff --git a/prospect/examples/example-meta-drop.rkt b/prospect/examples/example-meta-drop.rkt
index eaadffb..1e93125 100644
--- a/prospect/examples/example-meta-drop.rkt
+++ b/prospect/examples/example-meta-drop.rkt
@@ -9,5 +9,5 @@
             [1 (transition 2 (retract 'a #:meta-level 1))]
             [_ #f]))
         0
-        (assert 'a #:meta-level 1)
-        (assert (observe 'a) #:meta-level 1)))
+        (patch-seq (assert 'a #:meta-level 1)
+                   (assert (observe 'a) #:meta-level 1))))
diff --git a/prospect/examples/example-plain.rkt b/prospect/examples/example-plain.rkt
index 8365e89..234a710 100644
--- a/prospect/examples/example-plain.rkt
+++ b/prospect/examples/example-plain.rkt
@@ -59,12 +59,14 @@
 (run-ground (spawn quasi-spy (void) (sub ?))
 	    (spawn-timer-driver)
 	    (message (set-timer 'tick 1000 'relative))
-	    (spawn ticker 1
-                   (sub (observe (set-timer ? ? ?)))
-                   (sub (timer-expired 'tick ?)))
+	    (spawn ticker
+                   1
+                   (patch-seq (sub (observe (set-timer ? ? ?)))
+                              (sub (timer-expired 'tick ?))))
 	    (spawn-world (spawn r (void) (sub ?))
-			 (spawn b 0))
-	    (spawn echoer (void)
+			 (spawn b 0 '()))
+	    (spawn echoer
+                   (void)
                    (sub (external-event (read-line-evt (current-input-port) 'any) ?)
                         #:meta-level 1))
 	    (spawn printer (void) (sub `(print ,?))))
diff --git a/prospect/examples/forward-chaining.rkt b/prospect/examples/forward-chaining.rkt
index 7dc3cc1..6db9851 100644
--- a/prospect/examples/forward-chaining.rkt
+++ b/prospect/examples/forward-chaining.rkt
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@
                               (assert `(parent-count ,new-count))))]
            [_ #f]))
        0
-       (sub `(parent ,? ,?))
-       (assert `(parent-count 0)))
+       (patch-seq (sub `(parent ,? ,?))
+                  (assert `(parent-count 0))))
 
 (define (insert-record record . monitors)
   (printf "Record ~v inserted, depending on ~v\n" record monitors)
@@ -36,9 +36,9 @@
               (quit)]
              [_ #f]))
          (void)
-         (assert record)
-         (sub `(retract ,record))
-         (patch-seq* (map sub monitors))))
+         (patch-seq (assert record)
+                    (sub `(retract ,record))
+                    (patch-seq* (map sub monitors)))))
 
 (insert-record `(parent john douglas))
 (insert-record `(parent bob john))
@@ -91,8 +91,8 @@
                                                                          `(parent ,A ,C)
                                                                          `(ancestor ,C ,B)))))))
                                  (void)
-                                 (sub `(parent ,A ,C))
-                                 (sub `(ancestor ,C ,?)))))]
+                                 (patch-seq (sub `(parent ,A ,C))
+                                            (sub `(ancestor ,C ,?))))))]
            [_ #f]))
        (void)
        (sub `(parent ,? ,?)))
@@ -128,10 +128,11 @@
 ;;                                                   (assert `(ancestor ,A ,B))))]
 ;;                                    [_ #f]))
 ;;                                (matcher-empty)
-;;                                (sub `(parent ,A ,B))
-;;                                (sub `(parent ,A ,?))
-;;                                (sub `(ancestor ,? ,B))
-;;                                (pub `(ancestor ,A ,B)))))
+;;                                (patch-seq
+;;                                 (sub `(parent ,A ,B))
+;;                                 (sub `(parent ,A ,?))
+;;                                 (sub `(ancestor ,? ,B))
+;;                                 (pub `(ancestor ,A ,B))))))
 
 (spawn (lambda (e s)
          (when (patch? e) (pretty-print-patch e))
@@ -143,11 +144,10 @@
   (define id (gensym 'after))
   (if (zero? msec)
       (thunk)
-      (list
-       (spawn (lambda (e s) (and (message? e) (quit (thunk))))
-              (void)
-              (sub (timer-expired id ?)))
-       (message (set-timer id msec 'relative)))))
+      (spawn (lambda (e s) (and (message? e) (quit (thunk))))
+             (void)
+             (list (message (set-timer id msec 'relative))
+                   (sub (timer-expired id ?))))))
 
 (define use-delays? #t)
 
diff --git a/prospect/examples/key-value-store.rkt b/prospect/examples/key-value-store.rkt
index 7afa040..1741eb2 100644
--- a/prospect/examples/key-value-store.rkt
+++ b/prospect/examples/key-value-store.rkt
@@ -72,8 +72,8 @@
                                  (transition-bind (process-suggestion suggestion) t)))]
              [_ #f]))
          (db-state 0 (hash) (set))
-         (sub (observe (binding ? ? ? ?)))
-         (sub (update ? ? ? ?))))
+         (patch-seq (sub (observe (binding ? ? ? ?)))
+                    (sub (update ? ? ? ?)))))
 
 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
@@ -96,8 +96,8 @@
                                     other-epoch other-version other-value))])]
              [_ #f]))
          (void)
-         (assert (update key epoch version value))
-         (sub (binding key ? ? ?))))
+         (patch-seq (assert (update key epoch version value))
+                    (sub (binding key ? ? ?)))))
 
 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 
diff --git a/prospect/examples/tcp-hello.rkt b/prospect/examples/tcp-hello.rkt
index 64cb18d..9ff0323 100644
--- a/prospect/examples/tcp-hello.rkt
+++ b/prospect/examples/tcp-hello.rkt
@@ -24,9 +24,9 @@
                                                                    (format "msg ~v\n" n))))))]))
   (spawn connection-handler
 	 0
-         (sub (advertise (tcp-channel c server-id ?)))
-	 (sub (tcp-channel c server-id ?))
-         (pub (tcp-channel server-id c ?))))
+         (patch-seq (sub (advertise (tcp-channel c server-id ?)))
+                    (sub (tcp-channel c server-id ?))
+                    (pub (tcp-channel server-id c ?)))))
 
 (spawn-demand-matcher (advertise (tcp-channel (?!) server-id ?))
                       (observe (tcp-channel (?!) server-id ?))
diff --git a/prospect/examples/ws-hello-ssl.rkt b/prospect/examples/ws-hello-ssl.rkt
index 702b893..106db75 100644
--- a/prospect/examples/ws-hello-ssl.rkt
+++ b/prospect/examples/ws-hello-ssl.rkt
@@ -21,9 +21,9 @@
 	   #f)]))
   (spawn connection-handler
 	 0
-         (sub (advertise (websocket-message c server-id ?)))
-         (sub (websocket-message c server-id ?))
-         (pub (websocket-message server-id c ?))))
+         (patch-seq (sub (advertise (websocket-message c server-id ?)))
+                    (sub (websocket-message c server-id ?))
+                    (pub (websocket-message server-id c ?)))))
 
 (spawn-demand-matcher (advertise (websocket-message (?! any-client) server-id ?))
                       (observe (websocket-message (?! any-client) server-id ?))
diff --git a/prospect/examples/ws-hello.rkt b/prospect/examples/ws-hello.rkt
index b5ea0ce..6654e5b 100644
--- a/prospect/examples/ws-hello.rkt
+++ b/prospect/examples/ws-hello.rkt
@@ -20,9 +20,9 @@
 	   #f)]))
   (spawn connection-handler
 	 0
-         (sub (advertise (websocket-message c server-id ?)))
-         (sub (websocket-message c server-id ?))
-         (pub (websocket-message server-id c ?))))
+         (patch-seq (sub (advertise (websocket-message c server-id ?)))
+                    (sub (websocket-message c server-id ?))
+                    (pub (websocket-message server-id c ?)))))
 
 (spawn-demand-matcher (advertise (websocket-message (?! any-client) server-id ?))
                       (observe (websocket-message (?! any-client) server-id ?))