926 lines
31 KiB
HTML
926 lines
31 KiB
HTML
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<title>Comparing Values - Python Preserves</title>
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a3 3 0 0 0 3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3m0 3.54C9.64 9.35 6.5 8 3 8v11c3.5 0 6.64 1.35 9 3.54 2.36-2.19 5.5-3.54 9-3.54V8c-3.5 0-6.64 1.35-9 3.54Z"/></svg>
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Python Preserves
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<div class="md-header__topic" data-md-component="header-topic">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Comparing Values
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Initializing search
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.4.2 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2023 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M439.55 236.05 244 40.45a28.87 28.87 0 0 0-40.81 0l-40.66 40.63 51.52 51.52c27.06-9.14 52.68 16.77 43.39 43.68l49.66 49.66c34.23-11.8 61.18 31 35.47 56.69-26.49 26.49-70.21-2.87-56-37.34L240.22 199v121.85c25.3 12.54 22.26 41.85 9.08 55a34.34 34.34 0 0 1-48.55 0c-17.57-17.6-11.07-46.91 11.25-56v-123c-20.8-8.51-24.6-30.74-18.64-45L142.57 101 8.45 235.14a28.86 28.86 0 0 0 0 40.81l195.61 195.6a28.86 28.86 0 0 0 40.8 0l194.69-194.69a28.86 28.86 0 0 0 0-40.81z"/></svg>
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GitLab
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a3 3 0 0 0 3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3m0 3.54C9.64 9.35 6.5 8 3 8v11c3.5 0 6.64 1.35 9 3.54 2.36-2.19 5.5-3.54 9-3.54V8c-3.5 0-6.64 1.35-9 3.54Z"/></svg>
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Python Preserves
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<a href="https://gitlab.com/preserves/preserves" title="Go to repository" class="md-source" data-md-component="source">
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<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 448 512"><!--! Font Awesome Free 6.4.2 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2023 Fonticons, Inc.--><path d="M439.55 236.05 244 40.45a28.87 28.87 0 0 0-40.81 0l-40.66 40.63 51.52 51.52c27.06-9.14 52.68 16.77 43.39 43.68l49.66 49.66c34.23-11.8 61.18 31 35.47 56.69-26.49 26.49-70.21-2.87-56-37.34L240.22 199v121.85c25.3 12.54 22.26 41.85 9.08 55a34.34 34.34 0 0 1-48.55 0c-17.57-17.6-11.07-46.91 11.25-56v-123c-20.8-8.51-24.6-30.74-18.64-45L142.57 101 8.45 235.14a28.86 28.86 0 0 0 0 40.81l195.61 195.6a28.86 28.86 0 0 0 40.8 0l194.69-194.69a28.86 28.86 0 0 0 0-40.81z"/></svg>
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GitLab
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</a>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
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<a href=".." class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Overview
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</a>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../api/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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The top-level preserves package
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../binary/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Machine-oriented binary syntax
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active">
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<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" type="checkbox" id="__toc">
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<label class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" for="__toc">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Comparing Values
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</span>
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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</label>
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<a href="./" class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Comparing Values
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</span>
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</a>
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<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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Table of contents
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#preserves.compare" class="md-nav__link">
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compare
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#preserves.compare.cmp" class="md-nav__link">
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cmp()
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#preserves.compare.eq" class="md-nav__link">
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eq()
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#preserves.compare.le" class="md-nav__link">
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le()
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#preserves.compare.lt" class="md-nav__link">
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lt()
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#preserves.compare.sorted" class="md-nav__link">
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sorted()
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#preserves.compare.sorted_items" class="md-nav__link">
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sorted_items()
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../error/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Codec errors
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../fold/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Traversing values
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../merge/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Merging values
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../path/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Preserves Path
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../schema/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Preserves Schema
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../text/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Human-readable text syntax
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="../values/" class="md-nav__link">
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<span class="md-ellipsis">
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Representations of Values
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</span>
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</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="toc" >
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<div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
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<div class="md-sidebar__inner">
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<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
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<label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
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<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
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Table of contents
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</label>
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#preserves.compare" class="md-nav__link">
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compare
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#preserves.compare.cmp" class="md-nav__link">
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cmp()
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</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#preserves.compare.eq" class="md-nav__link">
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eq()
|
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</a>
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</li>
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|
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|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="#preserves.compare.le" class="md-nav__link">
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le()
|
|
</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="#preserves.compare.lt" class="md-nav__link">
|
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lt()
|
|
</a>
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</li>
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<li class="md-nav__item">
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<a href="#preserves.compare.sorted" class="md-nav__link">
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sorted()
|
|
</a>
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</li>
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
|
<a href="#preserves.compare.sorted_items" class="md-nav__link">
|
|
sorted_items()
|
|
</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="md-content" data-md-component="content">
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<article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
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<h1 id="comparing-values">Comparing Values</h1>
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<div class="doc doc-object doc-module">
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<a id="preserves.compare"></a>
|
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<div class="doc doc-contents first">
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<p>Preserves specifies a <a href="https://preserves.dev/preserves.html#total-order">total ordering</a> and
|
|
an <a href="https://preserves.dev/preserves.html#equivalence">equivalence</a> between terms. The
|
|
<a class="autorefs autorefs-internal" href="#preserves.compare">preserves.compare</a> module implements the ordering and equivalence relations.</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="o">>>></span> <span class="n">cmp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"bzz"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"c"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
|
|
<span class="o">>>></span> <span class="n">cmp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">[])</span>
|
|
<span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span>
|
|
<span class="o">>>></span> <span class="n">lt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"bzz"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"c"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="kc">True</span>
|
|
<span class="o">>>></span> <span class="n">eq</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"bzz"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"c"</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="kc">False</span>
|
|
</code></pre></div>
|
|
<p>Note that the ordering relates more values than Python's built-in ordering:</p>
|
|
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="o">>>></span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o"><</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"3"</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
|
<span class="n">Traceback</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">most</span> <span class="n">recent</span> <span class="n">call</span> <span class="n">last</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
|
<span class="o">..</span>
|
|
<span class="ne">TypeError</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s1">'<'</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="n">supported</span> <span class="n">between</span> <span class="n">instances</span> <span class="n">of</span> <span class="s1">'int'</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="s1">'str'</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="o">>>></span> <span class="n">lt</span><span class="p">([</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"3"</span><span class="p">])</span>
|
|
<span class="kc">True</span>
|
|
</code></pre></div>
|
|
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|
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<div class="doc doc-children">
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<div class="doc doc-object doc-function">
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|
|
<h2 id="preserves.compare.cmp" class="doc doc-heading">
|
|
<code class="highlight language-python"><span class="n">cmp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">)</span></code>
|
|
|
|
</h2>
|
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|
|
|
|
<div class="doc doc-contents ">
|
|
|
|
<p>Returns <code>-1</code> if <code>a</code> < <code>b</code>, or <code>0</code> if <code>a</code> = <code>b</code>, or <code>1</code> if <code>a</code> > <code>b</code> according to the
|
|
<a href="https://preserves.dev/preserves.html#total-order">Preserves total order</a>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<details class="quote">
|
|
<summary>Source code in <code>preserves/compare.py</code></summary>
|
|
<div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span></span><span class="normal">82</span>
|
|
<span class="normal">83</span>
|
|
<span class="normal">84</span>
|
|
<span class="normal">85</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><code><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">cmp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
|
<span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""Returns `-1` if `a` < `b`, or `0` if `a` = `b`, or `1` if `a` > `b` according to the</span>
|
|
<span class="sd"> [Preserves total order](https://preserves.dev/preserves.html#total-order)."""</span>
|
|
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">_cmp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preserve</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">preserve</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">))</span>
|
|
</code></pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
|
|
</details>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="doc doc-object doc-function">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<h2 id="preserves.compare.eq" class="doc doc-heading">
|
|
<code class="highlight language-python"><span class="n">eq</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">)</span></code>
|
|
|
|
</h2>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="doc doc-contents ">
|
|
|
|
<p>Returns <code>True</code> iff <code>a</code> = <code>b</code> according to the <a href="https://preserves.dev/preserves.html#equivalence">Preserves equivalence
|
|
relation</a>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<details class="quote">
|
|
<summary>Source code in <code>preserves/compare.py</code></summary>
|
|
<div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span></span><span class="normal"> 97</span>
|
|
<span class="normal"> 98</span>
|
|
<span class="normal"> 99</span>
|
|
<span class="normal">100</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><code><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">eq</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
|
<span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""Returns `True` iff `a` = `b` according to the [Preserves equivalence</span>
|
|
<span class="sd"> relation](https://preserves.dev/preserves.html#equivalence)."""</span>
|
|
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">_eq</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">preserve</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">preserve</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="p">))</span>
|
|
</code></pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
|
|
</details>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="doc doc-object doc-function">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<h2 id="preserves.compare.le" class="doc doc-heading">
|
|
<code class="highlight language-python"><span class="n">le</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">)</span></code>
|
|
|
|
</h2>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="doc doc-contents ">
|
|
|
|
<p>Returns <code>True</code> iff <code>a</code> ≤ <code>b</code> according to the <a href="https://preserves.dev/preserves.html#total-order">Preserves total
|
|
order</a>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<details class="quote">
|
|
<summary>Source code in <code>preserves/compare.py</code></summary>
|
|
<div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span></span><span class="normal">92</span>
|
|
<span class="normal">93</span>
|
|
<span class="normal">94</span>
|
|
<span class="normal">95</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><code><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">le</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
|
<span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""Returns `True` iff `a` ≤ `b` according to the [Preserves total</span>
|
|
<span class="sd"> order](https://preserves.dev/preserves.html#total-order)."""</span>
|
|
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">cmp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o"><=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
|
|
</code></pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
|
|
</details>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="doc doc-object doc-function">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<h2 id="preserves.compare.lt" class="doc doc-heading">
|
|
<code class="highlight language-python"><span class="n">lt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">)</span></code>
|
|
|
|
</h2>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="doc doc-contents ">
|
|
|
|
<p>Returns <code>True</code> iff <code>a</code> < <code>b</code> according to the <a href="https://preserves.dev/preserves.html#total-order">Preserves total
|
|
order</a>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<details class="quote">
|
|
<summary>Source code in <code>preserves/compare.py</code></summary>
|
|
<div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span></span><span class="normal">87</span>
|
|
<span class="normal">88</span>
|
|
<span class="normal">89</span>
|
|
<span class="normal">90</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><code><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">lt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
|
<span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""Returns `True` iff `a` < `b` according to the [Preserves total</span>
|
|
<span class="sd"> order](https://preserves.dev/preserves.html#total-order)."""</span>
|
|
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">cmp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o"><</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
|
|
</code></pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
|
|
</details>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="doc doc-object doc-function">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<h2 id="preserves.compare.sorted" class="doc doc-heading">
|
|
<code class="highlight language-python"><span class="nb">sorted</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">iterable</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="k">lambda</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">reverse</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">False</span><span class="p">)</span></code>
|
|
|
|
</h2>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="doc doc-contents ">
|
|
|
|
<p>Returns a sorted list built from <code>iterable</code>, extracting a sort key using <code>key</code>, and
|
|
ordering according to the <a href="https://preserves.dev/preserves.html#total-order">Preserves total
|
|
order</a>. Directly analogous to the
|
|
<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#sorted">built-in Python <code>sorted</code>
|
|
routine</a>, except uses the
|
|
Preserves order instead of Python's less-than relation.</p>
|
|
|
|
<details class="quote">
|
|
<summary>Source code in <code>preserves/compare.py</code></summary>
|
|
<div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span></span><span class="normal">106</span>
|
|
<span class="normal">107</span>
|
|
<span class="normal">108</span>
|
|
<span class="normal">109</span>
|
|
<span class="normal">110</span>
|
|
<span class="normal">111</span>
|
|
<span class="normal">112</span>
|
|
<span class="normal">113</span>
|
|
<span class="normal">114</span>
|
|
<span class="normal">115</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><code><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">sorted</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">iterable</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="k">lambda</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">reverse</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">False</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
|
<span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""Returns a sorted list built from `iterable`, extracting a sort key using `key`, and</span>
|
|
<span class="sd"> ordering according to the [Preserves total</span>
|
|
<span class="sd"> order](https://preserves.dev/preserves.html#total-order). Directly analogous to the</span>
|
|
<span class="sd"> [built-in Python `sorted`</span>
|
|
<span class="sd"> routine](https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#sorted), except uses the</span>
|
|
<span class="sd"> Preserves order instead of Python's less-than relation.</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="sd"> """</span>
|
|
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">_sorted</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">iterable</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="k">lambda</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">_key</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">key</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">)),</span> <span class="n">reverse</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">reverse</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
</code></pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
|
|
</details>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="doc doc-object doc-function">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<h2 id="preserves.compare.sorted_items" class="doc doc-heading">
|
|
<code class="highlight language-python"><span class="n">sorted_items</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">)</span></code>
|
|
|
|
</h2>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="doc doc-contents ">
|
|
|
|
<p>Given a dictionary <code>d</code>, yields a list of <code>(key, value)</code> tuples sorted by <code>key</code>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<details class="quote">
|
|
<summary>Source code in <code>preserves/compare.py</code></summary>
|
|
<div class="highlight"><table class="highlighttable"><tr><td class="linenos"><div class="linenodiv"><pre><span></span><span class="normal">117</span>
|
|
<span class="normal">118</span>
|
|
<span class="normal">119</span></pre></div></td><td class="code"><div><pre><span></span><code><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">sorted_items</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
|
<span class="w"> </span><span class="sd">"""Given a dictionary `d`, yields a list of `(key, value)` tuples sorted by `key`."""</span>
|
|
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="nb">sorted</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">d</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">(),</span> <span class="n">key</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">_item_key</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
</code></pre></div></td></tr></table></div>
|
|
</details>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
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|
|
|
</div>
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|
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</div>
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</div>
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<hr>
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<div class="md-source-file">
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<small>
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Last update:
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<span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date">March 16, 2023</span>
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<br>
|
|
Created:
|
|
<span class="git-revision-date-localized-plugin git-revision-date-localized-plugin-date">March 16, 2023</span>
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