diff --git a/actor.ts b/actor.ts
index ea88300..28cf806 100644
--- a/actor.ts
+++ b/actor.ts
@@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
-import {
-    Dictionary,
-    IdentitySet,
-    Record,
-    Value,
-    is,
-} from 'preserves';
+import { Dictionary, IdentitySet, Record, Tuple, Value, is, preserves } from 'preserves';
 
 //---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+if ('stackTraceLimit' in Error) {
+    Error.stackTraceLimit = Infinity;
+}
+
 export type Assertion = Value<Ref>;
 export type Handle = number;
 export type ExitReason = null | { ok: true } | { ok: false, err: Error };
@@ -69,7 +67,7 @@ export const Lit = Record.makeConstructor<{value: Assertion}, Ref>()(
 
 export const _PCompound = Symbol.for('compound');
 export const PCompound =
-    Record.makeConstructor<{ctor: ConstructorSpec, members: Dictionary<Pattern>}, Ref>()(
+    Record.makeConstructor<{ctor: ConstructorSpec, members: Dictionary<Pattern, Ref>}, Ref>()(
         _PCompound, ['ctor', 'members']);
 
 export type Pattern =
@@ -78,7 +76,7 @@ export type Pattern =
     | Record<typeof _PAnd, [Pattern[]], Ref>
     | Record<typeof _PNot, [Pattern], Ref>
     | Record<typeof _Lit, [Assertion], Ref>
-    | Record<typeof _PCompound, [ConstructorSpec, Dictionary<Pattern>], Ref>;
+    | Record<typeof _PCompound, [ConstructorSpec, Dictionary<Pattern, Ref>], Ref>;
 
 export const _TRef = Symbol.for('ref');
 export const TRef = Record.makeConstructor<{name: string}, Ref>()(
@@ -86,13 +84,13 @@ export const TRef = Record.makeConstructor<{name: string}, Ref>()(
 
 export const _TCompound = Symbol.for('compound');
 export const TCompound =
-    Record.makeConstructor<{ctor: ConstructorSpec, members: Dictionary<Template>}, Ref>()(
+    Record.makeConstructor<{ctor: ConstructorSpec, members: Dictionary<Template, Ref>}, Ref>()(
         _TCompound, ['ctor', 'members']);
 
 export type Template =
     | Record<typeof _TRef, [string], Ref>
     | Record<typeof _Lit, [Assertion], Ref>
-    | Record<typeof _TCompound, [ConstructorSpec, Dictionary<Template>], Ref>;
+    | Record<typeof _TCompound, [ConstructorSpec, Dictionary<Template, Ref>], Ref>;
 
 export type Bindings = { [name: string]: Assertion };
 
@@ -102,18 +100,32 @@ export function isRef(v: any): v is Ref {
     return 'relay' in v && v.relay instanceof Actor && 'target' in v;
 }
 
+let nextActorId = 0;
+
 export class Actor {
+    readonly id = nextActorId++;
     readonly outbound: Map<Handle, Ref>;
     exitReason: ExitReason = null;
+    // readonly exitHooks: Array<LocalAction> = [];
 
     constructor(initialAssertions = new Map<Handle, Ref>()) {
         this.outbound = initialAssertions;
     }
 
+    // atExit(a: LocalAction): void {
+    //     this.exitHooks.push(a);
+    // }
+
     terminateWith(t: Turn, reason: Exclude<ExitReason, null>) {
         if (this.exitReason !== null) return;
         this.exitReason = reason;
-        this.outbound.forEach((peer, h) => t._retract(peer, h));
+        if (!this.exitReason.ok) {
+            console.error(`Actor ${this.id} crashed:`, this.exitReason.err);
+        }
+        // this.exitHooks.forEach(hook => hook(t));
+        queueMicrotask(() =>
+            t.freshen(t =>
+                this.outbound.forEach((peer, h) => t._retract(peer, h))));
     }
 
     execute(proc: () => void): void {
@@ -122,7 +134,6 @@ export class Actor {
             try {
                 proc();
             } catch (err) {
-                console.error(Actor, err);
                 Turn.for(this, t => this.terminateWith(t, { ok: false, err }));
             }
         });
@@ -130,26 +141,33 @@ export class Actor {
 }
 
 let nextHandle = 0;
+function allocateHandle(): Handle {
+    return nextHandle++;
+}
 
-export function _sync(turn: Turn, e: Partial<Entity>, peer: Ref): void {
+export function _sync_impl(turn: Turn, e: Partial<Entity>, peer: Ref): void {
     e.sync ? e.sync!(turn, peer) : turn.message(peer, true);
 }
 
+let nextTurnId = 0;
+
 export class Turn {
+    readonly id = nextTurnId++;
     readonly actor: Actor;
-    readonly queues = new Map<Actor, LocalAction[]>();
+    queues: Map<Actor, LocalAction[]> | null = new Map();
 
     static for(actor: Actor, f: LocalAction): void {
         const t = new Turn(actor);
         f(t);
-        t.queues.forEach((q, a) => a.execute(() => q.forEach(f => Turn.for(a, f))));
+        t.queues!.forEach((q, a) => a.execute(() => q.forEach(f => Turn.for(a, f))));
+        t.queues = null;
     }
 
     private constructor(actor: Actor) {
         this.actor = actor;
     }
 
-    ref(e: Partial<Entity>): Ref {
+    ref<T extends Partial<Entity>>(e: T): Ref {
         return { relay: this.actor, target: e };
     }
 
@@ -169,8 +187,12 @@ export class Turn {
         this.enqueue(this.actor, t => this.actor.terminateWith(t, { ok: true }));
     }
 
+    crash(err: Error): void {
+        this.enqueue(this.actor, t => this.actor.terminateWith(t, { ok: false, err }));
+    }
+
     assert(ref: Ref, assertion: Assertion): Handle {
-        const h = nextHandle++;
+        const h = allocateHandle();
         const a = runRewrites(ref.attenuation, assertion);
         if (a !== null) {
             this.enqueue(ref.relay, t => {
@@ -201,8 +223,11 @@ export class Turn {
     }
 
     sync(ref: Ref): Promise<Turn> {
-        return new Promise(resolve => this.enqueue(ref.relay, t =>
-            _sync(t, ref.target, this.ref({ message: resolve }))));
+        return new Promise(resolve => this._sync(ref, this.ref({ message: resolve })));
+    }
+
+    _sync(ref: Ref, peer: Ref): void {
+        this.enqueue(ref.relay, t => _sync_impl(t, ref.target, peer));
     }
 
     message(ref: Ref, assertion: Assertion): void {
@@ -211,8 +236,18 @@ export class Turn {
     }
 
     enqueue(relay: Actor, a: LocalAction): void {
+        if (this.queues === null) {
+            throw new Error("Attempt to reuse a committed Turn");
+        }
         this.queues.get(relay)?.push(a) ?? this.queues.set(relay, [a]);
     }
+
+    freshen(a: LocalAction): void {
+        if (this.queues !== null) {
+            throw new Error("Attempt to freshen a non-stale Turn");
+        }
+        Turn.for(this.actor, a);
+    }
 }
 
 //---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -249,7 +284,7 @@ export function match(p: Pattern, v: Assertion): Bindings | null {
                 const members = PCompound._.members(p);
                 switch (ctor.label) {
                     case _CRec:
-                        if (!Record.isRecord<Assertion, any, Ref>(v)) return false;
+                        if (!Record.isRecord<Assertion, Tuple<Assertion>, Ref>(v)) return false;
                         if (!is(CRec._.label(ctor), v.label)) return false;
                         if (CRec._.arity(ctor) !== v.length) return false;
                         for (const [key, pp] of members) {
diff --git a/box-protocol.ts b/box-protocol.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..366c570
--- /dev/null
+++ b/box-protocol.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+import { Ref } from "actor";
+import { Record } from "preserves";
+
+export const BoxState = Record.makeConstructor<{value: number}, Ref>()(
+    Symbol.for('BoxState'), ['value']);
+export const SetBox = Record.makeConstructor<{newValue: number}, Ref>()(
+    Symbol.for('SetBox'), ['newValue']);
diff --git a/box.ts b/box.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e8ee880
--- /dev/null
+++ b/box.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+import { BoxState, SetBox } from "./box-protocol.js";
+import { Handle, Ref, Turn } from "./actor.js";
+import { Observe } from "./dataspace.js";
+
+let startTime = Date.now();
+let prevValue = 0;
+
+export default function (t: Turn, [ds, LIMIT, REPORT_EVERY]: [Ref, number, number]) {
+    t.spawn(t => {
+        console.log('Spawning Box');
+        let valueHandle: Handle | undefined;
+        function setValue(t: Turn, value: number) {
+            valueHandle = t.replace(ds, valueHandle, BoxState(value));
+        }
+        setValue(t, 0);
+        t.assert(ds, Observe(SetBox.constructorInfo.label, t.ref({
+            message(t: Turn, [newValue]: [number]): void {
+                // console.log(`Box: got ${newValue}`);
+                if (newValue % REPORT_EVERY === 0) {
+                    const endTime = Date.now();
+                    const delta = (endTime - startTime) / 1000.0;
+                    const count = newValue - prevValue;
+                    prevValue = newValue;
+                    startTime = endTime;
+                    console.log(`Box: got ${newValue} (${count / delta} Hz)`);
+                }
+                if (newValue === LIMIT) t.quit();
+                setValue(t, newValue);
+            }
+        })));
+    });
+}
diff --git a/client.ts b/client.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d19cc5f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/client.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+import { BoxState, SetBox } from "./box-protocol.js";
+import { Observe } from "./dataspace.js";
+import { Assertion, Handle, Ref, Turn } from "./actor.js";
+
+export default function (t: Turn, ds: Ref) {
+    t.spawn(t => {
+        console.log('Spawning Client');
+        let count = 0;
+        t.assert(ds, Observe(BoxState.constructorInfo.label, t.ref({
+            assert(t: Turn, [currentValue]: [number]): void {
+                // console.log(`Client: got ${currentValue}`);
+                t.message(ds, SetBox(currentValue + 1));
+            }
+        })));
+        t.assert(ds, Observe(BoxState.constructorInfo.label, t.ref({
+            assert(_t: Turn, _assertion: Assertion): void { count++; },
+            retract(t: Turn, _handle: Handle) {
+                if (--count === 0) {
+                    console.log('Client: detected box termination');
+                    t.quit();
+                }
+            },
+        })));
+    });
+}
diff --git a/dataspace.ts b/dataspace.ts
index 021c519..8c866ba 100644
--- a/dataspace.ts
+++ b/dataspace.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { Assertion, Entity, Handle, Ref, Turn } from 'actor';
-import { Dictionary, IdentityMap, is, Record } from 'preserves';
+import { Dictionary, IdentityMap, is, preserves, Record, Tuple } from 'preserves';
 import { Bag, ChangeDescription } from './bag';
 
 // Q. Why keep "Observe"? Why not do the clever trick of asserting the
@@ -36,7 +36,8 @@ export class Dataspace implements Partial<Entity> {
     readonly subscriptions: Dictionary<Map<Ref, Dictionary<Handle>>> = new Dictionary();
 
     assert(turn: Turn, rec: Assertion, handle: Handle): void {
-        if (!Record.isRecord<Assertion, any, Ref>(rec)) return;
+        // console.log(preserves`ds ${turn.actor.id} assert ${rec} ${handle}`);
+        if (!Record.isRecord<Assertion, Tuple<Assertion>, Ref>(rec)) return;
         this.handleMap.set(handle, rec);
         if (this.assertions.change(rec, +1) !== ChangeDescription.ABSENT_TO_PRESENT) return;
         if (Observe.isClassOf(rec)) {
@@ -55,6 +56,7 @@ export class Dataspace implements Partial<Entity> {
 
     retract(turn: Turn, upstreamHandle: Handle): void {
         const rec = this.handleMap.get(upstreamHandle);
+        // console.log(preserves`ds ${turn.actor.id} retract ${rec} ${upstreamHandle}`);
         if (rec === void 0) return;
         this.handleMap.delete(upstreamHandle);
         if (this.assertions.change(rec, -1) !== ChangeDescription.PRESENT_TO_ABSENT) return;
@@ -73,7 +75,8 @@ export class Dataspace implements Partial<Entity> {
     }
 
     message(turn: Turn, rec: Assertion): void {
-        if (!Record.isRecord<Assertion, any, Ref>(rec)) return;
+        // console.log(preserves`ds ${turn.actor.id} message ${rec}`);
+        if (!Record.isRecord<Assertion, Tuple<Assertion>, Ref>(rec)) return;
         this.subscriptions.get(rec.label)?.forEach((_seen, peer) => turn.message(peer, rec));
     }
 }
diff --git a/main.ts b/main.ts
index 2a97d13..d30d5a3 100644
--- a/main.ts
+++ b/main.ts
@@ -1,98 +1,63 @@
-import {
-    Actor,
-    Assertion,
-    Handle,
-    Ref,
-    Turn,
-    attenuate,
-    rfilter,
-    PCompound,
-    CRec,
-    Lit,
-} from './actor.js';
-import { Dictionary, Record } from 'preserves';
-import { Dataspace, Observe } from './dataspace.js';
+import { Actor, Assertion, Turn } from './actor.js';
+import { Record } from 'preserves';
+import { Dataspace } from './dataspace.js';
+import { Worker } from 'worker_threads';
+import { Relay, spawnRelay } from './relay.js';
 
-const BoxState = Record.makeConstructor<{value: number}, Ref>()(
-    Symbol.for('BoxState'), ['value']);
-const SetBox = Record.makeConstructor<{newValue: number}, Ref>()(
-    Symbol.for('SetBox'), ['newValue']);
+const Instance = Record.makeConstructor<{moduleName: string, arg: Assertion}>()(
+    Symbol.for('Instance'), ['moduleName', 'arg']);
 
-let startTime = Date.now();
-let prevValue = 0;
-const LIMIT = 500000;
-
-function spawnBox(t: Turn, ds: Ref) {
-    t.spawn(t => {
-        console.log('Spawning Box');
-        let valueHandle: Handle | undefined;
-        function setValue(t: Turn, value: number) {
-            valueHandle = t.replace(ds, valueHandle, BoxState(value));
-        }
-        setValue(t, 0);
-        t.assert(ds, Observe(SetBox.constructorInfo.label, t.ref({
-            message(t: Turn, [newValue]: [number]): void {
-                // console.log(`Box: got ${newValue}`);
-                if (newValue % 25000 === 0) {
-                    const endTime = Date.now();
-                    const delta = (endTime - startTime) / 1000.0;
-                    const count = newValue - prevValue;
-                    prevValue = newValue;
-                    startTime = endTime;
-                    console.log(`Box: got ${newValue} (${count / delta} Hz)`);
-                }
-                if (newValue === LIMIT - 20000) t.quit();
-                setValue(t, newValue);
-            }
-        })));
-    });
-}
-
-function spawnClient(t: Turn, ds: Ref) {
-    t.spawn(t => {
-        console.log('Spawning Client');
-        let count = 0;
-        t.assert(ds, Observe(BoxState.constructorInfo.label, t.ref({
-            assert(t: Turn, [currentValue]: [number]): void {
-                // console.log(`Client: got ${currentValue}`);
-                if (currentValue === LIMIT) {
-                    console.log(`Client: quitting at limit`);
+function spawnWorker(t: Turn, moduleName: string, arg: Assertion) {
+    const w = new Worker('./wload.js');
+    spawnRelay(t, {
+        packetWriter: bs => w.postMessage(bs),
+        setup(t: Turn, r: Relay) {
+            w.on('message', bs => r.accept(bs));
+            w.on('error', err => Turn.for(t.actor, t => t.crash(err)));
+            w.on('exit', code => Turn.for(t.actor, t => {
+                if (code === 0) {
                     t.quit();
                 } else {
-                    t.message(ds, SetBox(currentValue + 1));
+                    t.crash(new Error(`Worker crashed with code ${code}`));
                 }
-            }
-        })));
-        t.assert(ds, Observe(BoxState.constructorInfo.label, t.ref({
-            assert(_t: Turn, _assertion: Assertion): void { count++; },
-            retract(t: Turn, _handle: Handle) {
-                if (--count === 0) {
-                    console.log('Client: detected box termination');
-                    t.quit();
-                }
-            },
-        })));
-    });
+            }));
+        },
+        initialOid: 0,
+    }).then(factory => Turn.for(new Actor(), t => {
+        t.assert(factory!, Instance(moduleName, arg));
+    }));
+}
+
+function spawnModule(t: Turn, moduleName: string, arg: Assertion) {
+    import(moduleName).then(m => t.freshen(t => t.spawn(t =>
+        m.default(t, arg))));
 }
 
 Turn.for(new Actor(), async (t: Turn) => {
     const ds = t.ref(new Dataspace());
 
-    spawnBox(t, attenuate(
-        ds,
-        rfilter(PCompound(CRec(BoxState.constructorInfo.label,
-                               BoxState.constructorInfo.arity),
-                          new Dictionary()),
-                PCompound(CRec(Observe.constructorInfo.label,
-                               Observe.constructorInfo.arity),
-                          new Dictionary([[0, Lit(SetBox.constructorInfo.label)]])))));
+    // spawnModule(t, './box.js', [ds, 500000, 25000]);
+    spawnWorker(t, './box.js', [ds, 50000, 2500]);
+
+    spawnModule(t, './client.js', ds);
+    // spawnWorker(t, './client.js', ds);
+
+    // spawnBox(t, attenuate(
+    //     ds,
+    //     rfilter(PCompound(CRec(BoxState.constructorInfo.label,
+    //                            BoxState.constructorInfo.arity),
+    //                       new Dictionary()),
+    //             PCompound(CRec(Observe.constructorInfo.label,
+    //                            Observe.constructorInfo.arity),
+    //                       new Dictionary([[0, Lit(SetBox.constructorInfo.label)]])))));
+
+    // spawnClient(t, attenuate(
+    //     ds,
+    //     rfilter(PCompound(CRec(SetBox.constructorInfo.label,
+    //                            SetBox.constructorInfo.arity),
+    //                       new Dictionary()),
+    //             PCompound(CRec(Observe.constructorInfo.label,
+    //                            Observe.constructorInfo.arity),
+    //                       new Dictionary([[0, Lit(BoxState.constructorInfo.label)]])))));
 
-    spawnClient(t, attenuate(
-        ds,
-        rfilter(PCompound(CRec(SetBox.constructorInfo.label,
-                               SetBox.constructorInfo.arity),
-                          new Dictionary()),
-                PCompound(CRec(Observe.constructorInfo.label,
-                               Observe.constructorInfo.arity),
-                          new Dictionary([[0, Lit(BoxState.constructorInfo.label)]])))));
 });
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index d9064a9..8e351f6 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 {
   "devDependencies": {
+    "@types/node": "^14.14.31",
     "typescript": "^4.1.5"
   },
   "dependencies": {
diff --git a/protocol.ts b/protocol.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..87608c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/protocol.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+import { Handle, Ref } from 'actor';
+import { Record, Value } from 'preserves';
+
+export const _Assert = Symbol.for('assert');
+export const Assert = Record.makeConstructor<{assertion: Value<WireRef>, handle: Handle}, WireRef>()(
+    _Assert, ['assertion', 'handle']);
+
+export const _Retract = Symbol.for('retract');
+export const Retract = Record.makeConstructor<{handle: Handle}, WireRef>()(
+    _Retract, ['handle']);
+
+export const _Message = Symbol.for('message');
+export const Message = Record.makeConstructor<{body: Value<WireRef>}, WireRef>()(
+    _Message, ['body']);
+
+export const _Sync = Symbol.for('sync');
+export const Sync = Record.makeConstructor<{peer: WireRef}, WireRef>()(
+    _Sync, ['peer']);
+
+export type EntityMessage =
+    | Record<typeof _Assert, [Value<WireRef>, Handle], WireRef>
+    | Record<typeof _Retract, [Handle], WireRef>
+    | Record<typeof _Message, [Value<WireRef>], WireRef>
+    | Record<typeof _Sync, [WireRef], WireRef>;
+
+export type TurnMessage = Array<[Oid, EntityMessage]>;
+
+export type Oid = number;
+export type RefLocation = "mine" | "your";
+export type WireRef = { loc: RefLocation, oid: Oid };
+export type WireSymbol = { name: WireRef, ref: Ref, count: number };
diff --git a/relay.ts b/relay.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5f45f01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/relay.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,322 @@
+import { Actor, Assertion, Entity, Handle, Ref, Turn } from './actor.js';
+import { Bytes, decode, encode, IdentityMap, mapPointers, underlying, Value } from 'preserves';
+import {
+    Oid,
+    Assert,
+    EntityMessage,
+    Message,
+    Retract,
+    Sync,
+    WireSymbol,
+    _Assert,
+    _Retract,
+    _Message,
+    _Sync,
+    WireRef,
+    TurnMessage,
+} from './protocol.js';
+
+export class SyncPeerEntity implements Entity {
+    readonly relay: Relay;
+    readonly peer: Ref;
+    readonly handleMap = new IdentityMap<Handle, Handle>();
+    e: WireSymbol | null = null;
+
+    constructor(relay: Relay, peer: Ref) {
+        this.relay = relay;
+        this.peer = peer;
+    }
+
+    assert(turn: Turn, assertion: Assertion, handle: Handle): void {
+        this.handleMap.set(handle, turn.assert(this.peer, assertion));
+    }
+
+    retract(turn: Turn, handle: Handle): void {
+        turn.retract(this.handleMap.get(handle)!);
+        this.handleMap.delete(handle);
+    }
+
+    message(turn: Turn, body: Assertion): void {
+        // We get to vanish from the indexes now
+        this.relay.releaseRefOut(this.e!);
+        turn.message(this.peer, body);
+    }
+
+    sync(turn: Turn, peer: Ref): void {
+        turn._sync(this.peer, peer);
+    }
+}
+
+export class RelayEntity implements Entity {
+    readonly relay: Relay;
+    readonly e: WireSymbol;
+
+    constructor(relay: Relay, e: WireSymbol) {
+        this.relay = relay;
+        this.e = e;
+    }
+
+    send(m: EntityMessage): void {
+        this.relay.send(this.e.name.oid, m);
+    }
+
+    assert(_turn: Turn, assertion: Assertion, handle: Handle): void {
+        this.send(Assert(this.relay.register(assertion, handle), handle));
+    }
+
+    retract(_turn: Turn, handle: Handle): void {
+        this.relay.deregister(handle);
+        this.send(Retract(handle));
+    }
+
+    message(_turn: Turn, body: Assertion): void {
+        this.send(Message(this.relay.register(body, null)));
+    }
+
+    sync(turn: Turn, peer: Ref): void {
+        const peerEntity = new SyncPeerEntity(this.relay, peer);
+        peerEntity.e = this.relay.rewriteRefOut(turn.ref(peerEntity), false, null);
+        this.send(Sync(peerEntity.e.name));
+    }
+}
+
+export class Membrane {
+    readonly byOid = new IdentityMap<Oid, WireSymbol>();
+    readonly byRef = new IdentityMap<Ref, WireSymbol>();
+
+    grab<Table extends "byOid" | "byRef">(table: Table,
+                                          key: (Table extends "byOid" ? Oid : Ref),
+                                          transient: boolean,
+                                          f: () => WireSymbol): WireSymbol
+    {
+        let e =
+            (this[table] as IdentityMap<Table extends "byOid" ? Oid : Ref, WireSymbol>)
+                .get(key);
+        if (e === void 0) {
+            e = f();
+            this.byRef.set(e.ref, e);
+            this.byOid.set(e.name.oid, e);
+        }
+        if (!transient) e.count++;
+        return e;
+    }
+
+    drop(e: WireSymbol): void {
+        e.count--;
+        if (e.count === 0) {
+            this.byOid.delete(e.name.oid);
+            this.byRef.delete(e.ref);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+export const INERT_REF: Ref = {
+    relay: (() => {
+        const a = new Actor();
+        a.exitReason = { ok: true };
+        return a;
+    })(),
+    target: {},
+};
+
+export type PacketWriter = (bs: Uint8Array) => void;
+
+export class Relay {
+    readonly actor: Actor;
+    readonly w: PacketWriter;
+    readonly inboundAssertions = new IdentityMap<Handle, {
+        localHandle: Handle,
+        imported: Array<WireSymbol>,
+    }>();
+    readonly outboundAssertions = new IdentityMap<Handle, Array<WireSymbol>>();
+    readonly exported = new Membrane();
+    readonly imported = new Membrane();
+    nextLocalOid: Oid = 0;
+    pendingTurn: TurnMessage = [];
+    debug: boolean;
+
+    constructor(actor: Actor, w: PacketWriter, debug: boolean) {
+        this.actor = actor;
+        this.w = w;
+        this.debug = debug;
+    }
+
+    rewriteOut(assertion: Assertion, transient: boolean): [Value<WireRef>, Array<WireSymbol>]
+    {
+        const exported: Array<WireSymbol> = [];
+        const rewritten =
+            mapPointers(assertion, r => this.rewriteRefOut(r, transient, exported).name);
+        return [rewritten, exported];
+    }
+
+    rewriteIn(t: Turn, a: Value<WireRef>): [Assertion, Array<WireSymbol>]
+    {
+        const imported: Array<WireSymbol> = [];
+        const rewritten = mapPointers(a, r => this.rewriteRefIn(t, r, imported));
+        return [rewritten, imported];
+    }
+
+    register(assertion: Assertion, handle: Handle | null): Value<WireRef> {
+        const [rewritten, exported] = this.rewriteOut(assertion, handle === null);
+        if (handle !== null) this.outboundAssertions.set(handle, exported);
+        return rewritten;
+    }
+
+    deregister(handle: Handle): void {
+        (this.outboundAssertions.get(handle) ?? []).forEach(e => this.releaseRefOut(e));
+    }
+
+    rewriteRefOut(r: Ref, transient: boolean, exported: Array<WireSymbol> | null): WireSymbol {
+        if (r.target instanceof RelayEntity && r.target.relay === this) {
+            return r.target.e;
+        } else {
+            const e = this.exported.grab("byRef", r, transient, () => {
+                if (transient) throw new Error("Cannot send transient reference");
+                return { name: { loc: "mine", oid: this.nextLocalOid++ }, ref: r, count: 0 };
+            });
+            exported?.push(e);
+            return e;
+        }
+    }
+
+    releaseRefOut(e: WireSymbol) {
+        this.exported.drop(e);
+    }
+
+    rewriteRefIn(t: Turn, n: WireRef, imported: Array<WireSymbol> | null): Ref {
+        switch (n.loc) {
+            case 'your':
+                return this.lookupLocal(n.oid);
+            case 'mine': {
+                const e = this.imported.grab("byOid", n.oid, false, () => {
+                    const e: WireSymbol = {
+                        name: { loc: 'your', oid: n.oid },
+                        ref: null as any,
+                        count: 0,
+                    };
+                    e.ref = t.ref(new RelayEntity(this, e as WireSymbol));
+                    return e;
+                });
+                imported?.push(e);
+                return e.ref;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    send(remoteOid: Oid, m: EntityMessage): void {
+        if (this.pendingTurn.length === 0) {
+            queueMicrotask(() => {
+                if (this.debug) console.log('OUT', this.pendingTurn.asPreservesText());
+                this.w(underlying(encode<WireRef>(this.pendingTurn, {
+                    canonical: true,
+                    encodePointer: n => {
+                        switch (n.loc) {
+                            case 'mine': return [0, n.oid];
+                            case 'your': return [1, n.oid];
+                        }
+                    },
+                })));
+                this.pendingTurn = [];
+            });
+        }
+        this.pendingTurn.push([remoteOid, m]);
+    }
+
+    lookupLocal(localOid: Oid): Ref {
+        return this.exported.byOid.get(localOid)?.ref ?? INERT_REF;
+    }
+
+    accept(bs0: Uint8Array): void {
+        Turn.for(this.actor, t => {
+            const bs = Bytes.from(bs0);
+            const wireTurn = decode<WireRef>(bs, {
+                decodePointer: v => {
+                    if (!Array.isArray(v) || v.length !== 2) {
+                        throw new Error(
+                            `Received invalid object reference ${v.asPreservesText()} from peer`);
+                    }
+                    const loc = v[0] === 0 ? 'mine' : 'your';
+                    return { loc, oid: v[1] as Oid };
+                },
+            });
+            if (this.debug) console.log('IN', wireTurn.asPreservesText());
+            if (!Array.isArray(wireTurn)) invalidTopLevelMessage(wireTurn);
+            wireTurn.forEach(v => {
+                if (Array.isArray(v) && v.length === 2 && typeof v[0] === 'number') {
+                    const [localOid, m] = v;
+                    // TODO: deep check that m is EntityMessage
+                    this.handle(t, this.lookupLocal(localOid), m as EntityMessage);
+                } else {
+                    invalidTopLevelMessage(wireTurn);
+                }
+            });
+        });
+    }
+
+    handle(t: Turn, r: Ref, m: EntityMessage) {
+        switch (m.label) {
+            case _Assert: {
+                const [a, imported] = this.rewriteIn(t, Assert._.assertion(m));
+                this.inboundAssertions.set(Assert._.handle(m), {
+                    localHandle: t.assert(r, a),
+                    imported,
+                });
+                break;
+            }
+            case _Retract: {
+                const remoteHandle = Retract._.handle(m);
+                const h = this.inboundAssertions.get(remoteHandle);
+                if (h === void 0) throw new Error(`Peer retracted invalid handle ${remoteHandle}`);
+                this.inboundAssertions.delete(remoteHandle);
+                h.imported.forEach(e => this.imported.drop(e));
+                t.retract(h.localHandle);
+                break;
+            }
+            case _Message: {
+                const [a, imported] = this.rewriteIn(t, Message._.body(m));
+                if (imported.length > 0) throw new Error("Cannot receive transient reference");
+                t.message(r, a);
+                break;
+            }
+            case _Sync: {
+                const imported: Array<WireSymbol> = [];
+                const k = this.rewriteRefIn(t, Sync._.peer(m), imported);
+                t.sync(r).then(t => {
+                    t.message(k, true);
+                    imported.forEach(e => this.imported.drop(e));
+                });
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+function invalidTopLevelMessage(m: Value<WireRef>): never {
+    throw new Error(
+        `Received invalid top-level protocol message from peer: ${m.asPreservesText()}`);
+}
+
+export type RelayOptions = {
+    packetWriter: PacketWriter,
+    setup(t: Turn, r: Relay): void,
+    initialOid?: Oid,
+    initialRef?: Ref,
+    debug?: boolean,
+};
+
+export function spawnRelay(t: Turn, options: RelayOptions): Promise<Ref | null> {
+    return new Promise(resolve => {
+        t.spawn(t => {
+            const relay = new Relay(t.actor, options.packetWriter, options.debug ?? false);
+            options.setup(t, relay);
+            if (options.initialRef !== void 0) {
+                relay.rewriteRefOut(options.initialRef, false, null);
+            }
+            if (options.initialOid !== void 0) {
+                resolve(relay.rewriteRefIn(t, { loc: 'mine', oid: options.initialOid }, null));
+            } else {
+                resolve(null);
+            }
+        });
+    });
+}
diff --git a/t.ts b/t.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab163ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+import { Assertion, Turn } from './actor';
+
+console.log('hi')
+
+export default function (_t: Turn, arg: Assertion) {
+    console.log('in exported main', arg);
+}
diff --git a/wload.ts b/wload.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..684d8c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/wload.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+// Web Worker loader
+
+import { Actor, Turn, Assertion, Handle, Ref } from './actor.js';
+import { IdentityMap, Record } from 'preserves';
+import { parentPort } from 'worker_threads';
+import { Relay, spawnRelay } from './relay.js';
+import { Dataspace, Observe } from './dataspace.js';
+
+const _Instance = Symbol.for('Instance');
+const Instance = Record.makeConstructor<{moduleName: string, arg: Assertion}>()(
+    _Instance, ['moduleName', 'arg']);
+
+Turn.for(new Actor(), t => {
+    const p = parentPort!;
+    const ds = t.ref(new Dataspace());
+    spawnRelay(t, {
+        packetWriter: bs => p.postMessage(bs),
+        setup(t: Turn, r: Relay) {
+            p.on('message', bs => r.accept(bs));
+            p.on('close', () => Turn.for(t.actor, t => t.quit()));
+        },
+        initialRef: ds,
+        // debug: true,
+    });
+    t.assert(ds, Observe(Instance.constructorInfo.label, t.ref({
+        handleMap: new IdentityMap<Handle, false | Ref>(),
+        async assert(t, inst0, handle) {
+            // console.log('+Factory:', handle, inst0);
+            const inst = inst0 as ReturnType<typeof Instance>;
+            const m = await import(Instance._.moduleName(inst));
+            t.freshen(t => t.spawn(t => {
+                const q = (t: Turn) => {
+                    this.handleMap.delete(handle);
+                    t.quit();
+                };
+                if (this.handleMap.has(handle)) {
+                    q(t);
+                } else {
+                    this.handleMap.set(handle, t.ref({ message: q }));
+                    m.default(t, Instance._.arg(inst));
+                }
+            }));
+        },
+        retract(t, handle) {
+            // console.log('-Factory:', handle);
+            const r = this.handleMap.get(handle);
+            if (r === void 0) {
+                this.handleMap.set(handle, false);
+            } else {
+                t.message(r as Ref, true);
+            }
+        }
+    })));
+});