preserves-nim/src/preserves.nim

1390 lines
45 KiB
Nim

# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2021 ☭ Emery Hemingway
# SPDX-License-Identifier: Unlicense
import std/[base64, endians, hashes, options, sets, sequtils, streams, tables, typetraits]
import ./preserves/private/macros
from std/json import escapeJson, escapeJsonUnquoted
from std/strutils import parseEnum
import ./preserves/private/dot
when defined(tracePreserves):
when defined(posix):
template trace(args: varargs[untyped]) = {.cast(noSideEffect).}: stderr.writeLine(args)
else:
template trace(args: varargs[untyped]) = {.cast(noSideEffect).}: echo(args)
else:
template trace(args: varargs[untyped]) = discard
type
PreserveKind* = enum
pkBoolean, pkFloat, pkDouble, pkSignedInteger, pkString, pkByteString, pkSymbol,
pkRecord, pkSequence, pkSet, pkDictionary, pkEmbedded
const
atomKinds* = {pkBoolean, pkFloat, pkDouble, pkSignedInteger, pkString, pkByteString, pkSymbol}
compoundKinds* = {pkRecord, pkSequence, pkSet, pkDictionary}
type Symbol* = distinct string
proc `$`*(s: Symbol): string {.borrow.}
proc `<`*(x, y: Symbol): bool {.borrow.}
proc `==`*(x, y: Symbol): bool {.borrow.}
proc len*(s: Symbol): int {.borrow.}
proc hash*(s: Symbol): Hash {.borrow.}
type
Preserve*[E = void] = object
embedded*: bool
## Flag to mark embedded Preserves
case kind*: PreserveKind
of pkBoolean:
bool*: bool
of pkFloat:
float*: float32
of pkDouble:
double*: float64
of pkSignedInteger:
int*: BiggestInt
of pkString:
string*: string
of pkByteString:
bytes*: seq[byte]
of pkSymbol:
symbol*: Symbol
of pkRecord:
record*: seq[Preserve[E]] # label is last
of pkSequence:
sequence*: seq[Preserve[E]]
of pkSet:
set*: seq[Preserve[E]]
# TODO: HashSet
of pkDictionary:
dict*: seq[DictEntry[E]]
# TODO: Tables
of pkEmbedded:
embed*: E
DictEntry[E] = tuple[key: Preserve[E], val: Preserve[E]]
proc `==`*[A, B](x: Preserve[A]; y: Preserve[B]): bool =
## Check `x` and `y` for equivalence.
if x.kind == y.kind and x.embedded == y.embedded:
case x.kind
of pkBoolean:
result = x.bool == y.bool
of pkFloat:
result = x.float == y.float
of pkDouble:
result = x.double == y.double
of pkSignedInteger:
result = x.int == y.int
of pkString:
result = x.string == y.string
of pkByteString:
result = x.bytes == y.bytes
of pkSymbol:
result = x.symbol == y.symbol
of pkRecord:
result = x.record.len == y.record.len
for i in 0..x.record.high:
if not result: break
result = result and (x.record[i] == y.record[i])
of pkSequence:
for i, val in x.sequence:
if y.sequence[i] != val: return false
result = true
of pkSet:
result = x.set.len == y.set.len
for i in 0..x.set.high:
if not result: break
result = result and (x.set[i] == y.set[i])
of pkDictionary:
result = x.dict.len == y.dict.len
for i in 0..x.dict.high:
if not result: break
result = result and
(x.dict[i].key == y.dict[i].key) and
(x.dict[i].val == y.dict[i].val)
of pkEmbedded:
when A is B:
when A is void:
result = true
else:
result = x.embed == y.embed
proc `<`(x, y: string | seq[byte]): bool =
for i in 0 .. min(x.high, y.high):
if x[i] < y[i]: return true
if x[i] != y[i]: return false
x.len < y.len
proc `<`*[A, B](x: Preserve[A]; y: Preserve[B]): bool =
## Preserves have a total order over values. Check if `x` is ordered before `y`.
if x.embedded != y.embedded:
result = y.embedded
elif x.kind != y.kind:
result = x.kind < y.kind
else:
case x.kind
of pkBoolean:
result = (not x.bool) and y.bool
of pkFloat:
result = x.float < y.float
of pkDouble:
result = x.double < y.double
of pkSignedInteger:
result = x.int < y.int
of pkString:
result = x.string < y.string
of pkByteString:
result = x.bytes < y.bytes
of pkSymbol:
result = x.symbol < y.symbol
of pkRecord:
if x.record[x.record.high] < y.record[y.record.high]: return true
for i in 0..<min(x.record.high, y.record.high):
if x.record[i] < y.record[i]: return true
if x.record[i] == y.record[i]: return false
result = x.record.len < y.record.len
of pkSequence:
for i in 0..min(x.sequence.high, y.sequence.high):
if x.sequence[i] < y.sequence[i]: return true
if x.sequence[i] != y.sequence[i]: return false
result = x.sequence.len < y.sequence.len
of pkSet:
for i in 0..min(x.set.high, y.set.high):
if x.set[i] < y.set[i]: return true
if x.set[i] != y.set[i]: return false
result = x.set.len < y.set.len
of pkDictionary:
for i in 0..min(x.dict.high, y.dict.high):
if x.dict[i].key < y.dict[i].key: return true
if x.dict[i].key == y.dict[i].key:
if x.dict[i].val < y.dict[i].val: return true
if x.dict[i].val != y.dict[i].val: return false
result = x.dict.len < y.dict.len
of pkEmbedded:
when (not A is void) and (A is B):
result = x.embed < y.embed
proc hash*(pr: Preserve): Hash =
## Produce a `Hash` of `pr` for use with a `HashSet` or `Table`.
var h = hash(pr.kind.int) !& hash(pr.embedded)
case pr.kind
of pkBoolean:
h = h !& hash(pr.bool)
of pkFloat:
h = h !& hash(pr.float)
of pkDouble:
h = h !& hash(pr.double)
of pkSignedInteger:
h = h !& hash(pr.int)
of pkString:
h = h !& hash(pr.string)
of pkByteString:
h = h !& hash(pr.bytes)
of pkSymbol:
h = h !& hash(string pr.symbol)
of pkRecord:
for val in pr.record:
h = h !& hash(val)
of pkSequence:
for val in pr.sequence:
h = h !& hash(val)
of pkSet:
for val in pr.set.items:
h = h !& hash(val)
of pkDictionary:
for (key, val) in pr.dict.items:
h = h !& hash(key) !& hash(val)
of pkEmbedded:
h = h !& hash(pr.embed)
!$h
proc `[]`*(pr: Preserve; i: int): Preserve =
## Select an indexed value from ``pr``.
## Only valid for records and sequences.
case pr.kind
of pkRecord: pr.record[i]
of pkSequence: pr.sequence[i]
else:
raise newException(ValueError, "`Preserves value is not indexable")
proc `[]=`*(pr: var Preserve; i: Natural; val: Preserve) =
## Assign an indexed value into ``pr``.
## Only valid for records and sequences.
case pr.kind
of pkRecord: pr.record[i] = val
of pkSequence: pr.sequence[i] = val
else:
raise newException(ValueError, "`Preserves value is not indexable")
proc getOrDefault(pr: Preserve; key: Preserve): Preserve =
## Retrieves the value of `pr[key]` if `pr` is a dictionary containing `key`
## or returns the `#f` Preserves value.
if pr.kind == pkDictionary:
for (k, v) in pr.dict:
if key == k:
result = v
break
proc incl*(pr: var Preserve; key: Preserve) =
## Include `key` in the Preserves set `pr`.
for i in 0..pr.set.high:
if key < pr.set[i]:
insert(pr.set, [key], i)
return
pr.set.add(key)
proc excl*(pr: var Preserve; key: Preserve) =
## Exclude `key` from the Preserves set `pr`.
for i in 0..pr.set.high:
if pr.set[i] == key:
delete(pr.set, i, i)
break
proc `[]`*(pr, key: Preserve): Preserve {.deprecated: "use step instead".} =
## Select a value by `key` from `pr`.
## Works for sequences, records, and dictionaries.
if pr.isDictionary:
for (k, v) in pr.dict.items:
if k == key: return v
raise newException(KeyError, "value not in Preserves dictionary")
elif (pr.isRecord or pr.isSequence) and key.isInteger:
result = pr[int key.int]
else:
raise newException(ValueError, "invalid Preserves indexing")
func step*(pr, idx: Preserve): Option[Preserve] =
## Step into `pr` by index `idx`.
## Works for sequences, records, and dictionaries.
runnableExamples:
import std/options
assert step(parsePreserves("""<foo 1 2>"""), 1.toPreserve) == some(2.toPreserve)
assert step(parsePreserves("""{ foo: 1 bar: 2}"""), "foo".toSymbol) == some(1.toPreserve)
assert step(parsePreserves("""[ ]"""), 1.toPreserve) == none(Preserve[void])
if pr.isDictionary:
for (k, v) in pr.dict.items:
if k == idx:
result = some(v)
break
elif (pr.isRecord or pr.isSequence) and idx.isInteger:
let i = int idx.int
if i < pr.len:
result = some(pr[i])
proc `[]=`*(pr: var Preserve; key, val: Preserve) =
## Insert `val` by `key` in the Preserves dictionary `pr`.
for i in 0..pr.dict.high:
if key < pr.dict[i].key:
insert(pr.dict, [(key, val, )], i)
return
elif key == pr.dict[i].key:
pr.dict[i].val = val
return
pr.dict.add((key, val, ))
proc mget*(pr: var Preserve; key: Preserve): var Preserve =
## Select a value by `key` from the Preserves dictionary `pr`.
if pr.isDictionary:
for (k, v) in pr.dict.items:
if k == key: return v
raise newException(KeyError, "key not in Preserves dictionary")
raise newException(ValueError, "not a Preserves dictionary")
proc toSymbol*(s: sink string; E = void): Preserve[E] {.inline.} =
## Create a Preserves symbol value.
Preserve[E](kind: pkSymbol, symbol: Symbol s)
proc initRecord*[E](label: Preserve[E]; arity: Natural = 0): Preserve[E] =
## Create a Preserves record value.
result = Preserve[E](kind: pkRecord, record: newSeq[Preserve[E]](arity.succ))
result.record[arity] = label
proc initRecord*[E](label: Preserve[E]; args: varargs[Preserve[E]]): Preserve[E] =
## Create a Preserves record value.
result = Preserve[E](kind: pkRecord,
record: newSeqOfCap[Preserve[E]](1+args.len))
for arg in args:
result.record.add(arg)
result.record.add(label)
proc initRecord*[E](label: string; args: varargs[Preserve[E]]): Preserve[E] {.inline.} =
## Create a Preserves record value.
initRecord(toSymbol(label, E), args)
proc initSequence*[E](len: Natural = 0): Preserve[E] =
## Create a Preserves sequence value.
Preserve[E](kind: pkSequence, sequence: newSeq[Preserve[E]](len))
proc initSet*[E](): Preserve[E] = Preserve[E](kind: pkSet)
## Create a Preserves set value.
proc initDictionary*[E](): Preserve[E] = Preserve[E](kind: pkDictionary)
## Create a Preserves dictionary value.
proc embed*[E](pr: sink Preserve[E]): Preserve[E] =
## Create a Preserves value that embeds ``e``.
result = pr
result.embedded = true
proc embed*[E](e: sink E): Preserve[E] =
## Create a Preserves value that embeds ``e``.
Preserve[E](kind: pkEmbedded, embed: e)
proc len*(pr: Preserve): int =
## Return the shallow count of values in ``pr``, that is the number of
## fields in a record, items in a sequence, items in a set, or key-value pairs
## in a dictionary.
case pr.kind
of pkRecord: pr.record.len.pred
of pkSequence: pr.sequence.len
of pkSet: pr.set.len
of pkDictionary: pr.dict.len
else: 0
iterator items*(pr: Preserve): Preserve =
## Shallow iterator over `pr`, yield the fields in a record,
## the items of a sequence, the items of a set, or the pairs
## of a dictionary.
case pr.kind
of pkRecord:
for i in 0..pr.record.high.pred:
yield pr.record[i]
of pkSequence:
for e in pr.sequence.items: yield e
of pkSet:
for e in pr.set.items: yield e
of pkDictionary:
for (k, v) in pr.dict.items:
yield k # key can be an arbitrary Preserve
yield v
else: discard
iterator pairs*[E](pr: Preserve[E]): DictEntry[E] =
assert(pr.kind == pkDictionary, "not a dictionary")
for i in 0..pr.dict.high: yield pr.dict[i]
func isBoolean*(pr: Preserve): bool {.inline.} = pr.kind == pkBoolean
## Check if ``pr`` is a Preserve boolean.
func isFalse*(pr: Preserve): bool {.inline.} =
## Check if ``pr`` is equivalent to the zero-initialized ``Preserve``.
pr.kind == pkBoolean and pr.bool == false
func isFloat*(pr: Preserve): bool {.inline.} = pr.kind == pkFloat
## Check if ``pr`` is a Preserve float.
func isDouble*(pr: Preserve): bool {.inline.} = pr.kind == pkDouble
## Check if ``pr`` is a Preserve double.
func isInteger*(pr: Preserve): bool {.inline.} = pr.kind == pkSignedInteger
## Check if ``pr`` is a Preserve double.
func isString*(pr: Preserve): bool {.inline.} = pr.kind == pkString
## Check if ``pr`` is a Preserve text string.
func isByteString*(pr: Preserve): bool {.inline.} = pr.kind == pkByteString
## Check if ``pr`` is a Preserves byte string.
func isSymbol*(pr: Preserve): bool {.inline.} = pr.kind == pkSymbol
## Check if `pr` is a Preserves symbol.
func isSymbol*(pr: Preserve; sym: string|Symbol): bool {.inline.} =
## Check if ``pr`` is a Preserves symbol of ``sym``.
(pr.kind == pkSymbol) and (pr.symbol == Symbol(sym))
proc label*(pr: Preserve): Preserve {.inline.} =
## Return the label of record value.
pr.record[pr.record.high]
proc arity*(pr: Preserve): int {.inline.} =
## Return the number of fields in record `pr`.
pred(pr.record.len)
func isRecord*(pr: Preserve): bool {.inline.} = (pr.kind == pkRecord) and (pr.record.len > 0)
## Check if ``pr`` is a Preserves record.
func isRecord*(pr: Preserve; label: string): bool {.inline.} =
## Check if ``pr`` is a Preserves record with the given label symbol.
pr.kind == pkRecord and
pr.record.len > 0 and
pr.label.isSymbol(label)
proc isSequence*(pr: Preserve): bool {.inline.} = pr.kind == pkSequence
## Check if ``pr`` is a Preserves sequence.
proc isSet*(pr: Preserve): bool {.inline.} = pr.kind == pkSet
## Check if ``pr`` is a Preserves set.
proc isDictionary*(pr: Preserve): bool {.inline.} = pr.kind == pkDictionary
## Check if ``pr`` is a Preserves dictionary.
func isEmbedded*[E](pr: Preserve[E]): bool {.inline.} =
## Check if ``pr`` is an embedded value.
when E is void: pr.embedded # embedded Preserves
else: pr.kind == pkEmbedded # embedded Nim
proc fields*(pr: Preserve): seq[Preserve] {.inline.} =
## Return the fields of a record value.
pr.record[0..pr.record.high.pred]
iterator fields*(pr: Preserve): Preserve =
## Iterate the fields of a record value.
for i in 0..<pr.record.high: yield pr.record[i]
proc unembed*[E](pr: Preserve[E]): E =
## Unembed an `E` value from a `Preserve[E]` value.
if pr.kind != pkEmbedded:
raise newException(ValueError, "not an embedded value")
pr.embed
proc writeVarint(s: Stream; n: int) =
var n = n
while true:
let c = int8(n and 0x7f)
n = n shr 7
if n == 0:
s.write((char)c.char)
break
else:
s.write((char)c or 0x80)
proc readVarint(s: Stream): int =
var shift: int
while shift < (9*8):
let c = s.readChar.int
result = result or ((c and 0x7f) shl shift)
if (c and 0x80) == 0:
break
shift.inc 7
proc write*[E](str: Stream; pr: Preserve[E]) =
## Write the binary-encoding of a Preserves value to a stream.
if pr.embedded: str.write(0x86'u8)
case pr.kind:
of pkBoolean:
case pr.bool
of false: str.write(0x80'u8)
of true: str.write(0x81'u8)
of pkFloat:
str.write(0x82'u8)
when system.cpuEndian == bigEndian:
str.write(pr.float)
else:
var be: float32
swapEndian32(be.addr, pr.float.unsafeAddr)
str.write(be)
of pkDouble:
str.write(0x83'u8)
when system.cpuEndian == bigEndian:
str.write(pr.double)
else:
var be: float64
swapEndian64(be.addr, pr.double.unsafeAddr)
str.write(be)
of pkSignedInteger:
if (-3 <= pr.int) and (pr.int <= 12):
str.write(0x90'i8 or int8(if pr.int < 0: pr.int + 16 else: pr.int))
else:
var bitCount = 1'u8
if pr.int < 0:
while ((not pr.int) shr bitCount) != 0:
inc(bitCount)
else:
while (pr.int shr bitCount) != 0:
inc(bitCount)
var byteCount = (bitCount + 8) div 8
str.write(0xa0'u8 or (byteCount - 1))
proc write(n: uint8; i: BiggestInt) =
if n > 0:
write(n.pred, i shr 8)
str.write(i.uint8)
write(byteCount, pr.int)
of pkString:
str.write(0xb1'u8)
str.writeVarint(pr.string.len)
str.write(pr.string)
of pkByteString:
str.write(0xb2'u8)
str.writeVarint(pr.bytes.len)
str.write(cast[string](pr.bytes))
of pkSymbol:
str.write(0xb3'u8)
str.writeVarint(pr.symbol.len)
str.write(string pr.symbol)
of pkRecord:
assert(pr.record.len > 0)
str.write(0xb4'u8)
str.write(pr.record[pr.record.high])
for i in 0..<pr.record.high:
str.write(pr.record[i])
str.write(0x84'u8)
of pkSequence:
str.write(0xb5'u8)
for e in pr.sequence:
str.write(e)
str.write(0x84'u8)
of pkSet:
str.write(0xb6'u8)
for val in pr.set.items:
str.write(val)
str.write(0x84'u8)
of pkDictionary:
str.write(0xb7'u8)
for (key, value) in pr.dict.items:
str.write(key)
str.write(value)
str.write(0x84'u8)
of pkEmbedded:
str.write(0x86'u8)
str.write(pr.embed.toPreserve)
proc encode*[E](pr: Preserve[E]): seq[byte] =
## Return the binary-encoding of a Preserves value.
let s = newStringStream()
s.write pr
result = cast[seq[byte]](move s.data)
proc decodePreserves*(s: Stream; E = void): Preserve[E] =
## Decode a Preserves value from a binary-encoded stream.
if s.atEnd: raise newException(ValueError, "End of Preserves stream")
proc assertStream(check: bool) =
if not check:
raise newException(ValueError, "invalid Preserves stream")
const endMarker = 0x84
let tag = s.readUint8()
case tag
of 0x80: result = Preserve[E](kind: pkBoolean, bool: false)
of 0x81: result = Preserve[E](kind: pkBoolean, bool: true)
of 0x82:
when system.cpuEndian == bigEndian:
result = Preserve[E](kind: pkFloat, float: s.readFloat32())
else:
result = Preserve[E](kind: pkFloat)
var be = s.readFloat32()
swapEndian32(result.float.addr, be.addr)
of 0x83:
when system.cpuEndian == bigEndian:
result = Preserve[E](kind: pkDouble, double: s.readFloat64())
else:
result = Preserve[E](kind: pkDouble)
var be = s.readFloat64()
swapEndian64(result.double.addr, be.addr)
of 0x85:
discard decodePreserves(s, E)
while s.peekUint8() == 0x85:
discard s.readUint8()
discard decodePreserves(s, E)
of 0x86:
result = decodePreserves(s, E)
result.embedded = true
of 0xb1:
result = Preserve[E](kind: pkString)
let len = s.readVarint()
result.string = s.readStr(len)
of 0xb2:
result = Preserve[E](kind: pkByteString)
let len = s.readVarint()
result.bytes = cast[seq[byte]](s.readStr(len))
of 0xb3:
let len = s.readVarint()
result = Preserve[E](kind: pkSymbol, symbol: Symbol s.readStr(len))
of 0xb4:
result = Preserve[E](kind: pkRecord)
var label = decodePreserves(s, E)
while s.peekUint8() != endMarker:
result.record.add decodePreserves(s, E)
result.record.add(move label)
discard s.readUint8()
of 0xb5:
result = Preserve[E](kind: pkSequence)
while s.peekUint8() != endMarker:
result.sequence.add decodePreserves(s, E)
discard s.readUint8()
of 0xb6:
result = Preserve[E](kind: pkSet)
while s.peekUint8() != endMarker:
incl(result, decodePreserves(s, E))
discard s.readUint8()
of 0xb7:
result = Preserve[E](kind: pkDictionary)
while s.peekUint8() != endMarker:
result[decodePreserves(s, E)] = decodePreserves(s, E)
discard s.readUint8()
of 0xb0:
let len = s.readVarint()
result = Preserve[E](kind: pkSignedInteger)
for _ in 1..len:
result.int = (result.int shl 8) + s.readUint8().BiggestInt
of endMarker:
assertStream(false)
else:
case 0xf0 and tag
of 0x90:
var n = tag.BiggestInt
result = Preserve[E](kind: pkSignedInteger,
int: n - (if n > 0x9c: 0xa0 else: 0x90))
of 0xa0:
let len = (tag.int and 0x0f) + 1
if len > 8: raise newException(ValueError,
"numbers wider than 64-bits not supported by this Preserves implementation")
result = Preserve[E](kind: pkSignedInteger, int: s.readUint8().BiggestInt)
if (result.int and 0x80) != 0: result.int.dec(0x100)
for i in 1..<len:
result.int = (result.int shl 8) or s.readUint8().BiggestInt
else:
assertStream(false)
proc decodePreserves*(s: string; E = void): Preserve[E] =
## Decode a string of binary-encoded Preserves.
decodePreserves(s.newStringStream, E)
proc decodePreserves*(s: seq[byte]; E = void): Preserve[E] =
## Decode a byte-string of binary-encoded Preserves.
decodePreserves(cast[string](s), E)
type BufferedDecoder* = object
## Type for buffering binary Preserves before decoding.
stream: StringStream
decodePosition, maxSize: int
proc newBufferedDecoder*(maxSize = 4096): BufferedDecoder =
## Create a new `newBufferedDecoder`.
runnableExamples:
var
buf = newBufferedDecoder()
bin = encode(parsePreserves("<foobar>"))
buf.feed(bin[0..2])
buf.feed(bin[3..bin.high])
var (success, pr) = decode(buf)
assert success
assert $pr == "<foobar>"
BufferedDecoder(stream: newStringStream(), maxSize: maxSize)
proc feed*(dec: var BufferedDecoder; buf: pointer; len: int) =
if dec.maxSize < (dec.stream.getPosition + len):
raise newException(IOError, "BufferedDecoder at maximum buffer size")
dec.stream.writeData(buf, len)
proc feed*[T: byte|char](dec: var BufferedDecoder; data: openarray[T]) =
dec.feed(unsafeAddr data[0], data.len)
proc decode*(dec: var BufferedDecoder; E = void): (bool, Preserve[E]) =
## Decode from `dec`. If decoding fails the internal position of the
## decode does not advance.
var appendPos = dec.stream.getPosition
dec.stream.setPosition(dec.decodePosition)
try:
result[1] = decodePreserves(dec.stream, E)
result[0] = true
if dec.stream.getPosition == appendPos:
dec.stream.setPosition(0)
dec.decodePosition = 0
else:
dec.decodePosition = dec.stream.getPosition
dec.stream.setPosition(appendPos)
except Exception as e:
dec.stream.setPosition(appendPos)
template preservesRecord*(label: string) {.pragma.}
## Serialize this object or tuple as a record.
## See ``toPreserve``.
proc hasPreservesRecordPragma*(T: typedesc): bool =
## Test if a type has a `{.preservesRecord: "…".}` pragma attached.
hasCustomPragma(T, preservesRecord)
proc recordLabel*(T: typedesc): string =
## Get the record label set by a pragma on a type.
runnableExamples:
type Foo {.preservesRecord: "bar".} = object
n: int
assert recordLabel(Foo) == "bar"
T.getCustomPragmaVal(preservesRecord)
template preservesTuple*() {.pragma.}
## Serialize this object or tuple as a tuple.
## See ``toPreserve``.
template preservesTupleTail*() {.pragma.}
## Serialize this object field to the end of its containing tuple.
## See ``toPreserve``.
proc hasPreservesTuplePragma*(T: typedesc): bool =
## Test if a type has a `preservesTuple` pragma attached.
hasCustomPragma(T, preservesTuple)
template preservesDictionary*() {.pragma.}
## Serialize this object or tuple as a dictionary.
## See ``toPreserve``.
proc hasPreservesDictionaryPragma*(T: typedesc): bool =
## Test if a type has a `preservesDictionary` pragma attached.
hasCustomPragma(T, preservesDictionary)
template preservesOr*() {.pragma.}
## Serialize this object as an ``or`` alternative.
## See ``toPreserve``.
template preservesLiteral*(value: typed) {.pragma.}
## Serialize a Preserves literal within this object.
## See ``toPreserve``.
template preservesEmbedded*() {.pragma.}
## Pragma to mark a value as embedded by `toPreserve`.
template unpreservable*() {.pragma.}
## Pragma to forbid a type from being converted by ``toPreserve``.
## Useful for preventing an embeded type from being encoded
## as its native type.
## Unpreservability is asserted at runtime.
proc toPreserve*[T](x: T; E = void): Preserve[E] =
## Serializes ``x`` to Preserves. Can be customized by defining
## ``toPreserveHook(x: T; E: typedesc)`` in the calling scope.
## Any ``toPreserveHook`` that does not compile will be discarded;
## *Write tests for your hooks!*
##
## When `tracePreserves` is defined (`-d:tracePreserves`) a diagnostic
## trace is printing during `toPreserve`.
when (T is Preserve[E]): result = x
elif T is E:
when E is void: {.error: "cannot embed void".}
result = embed(x)
elif T is Preserve[void]:
result = cast[Preserve[E]](x)
elif compiles(toPreserveHook(x, E)):
result = toPreserveHook(x, E)
elif T is enum:
result = toSymbol($x, E)
elif T is seq[byte]:
result = Preserve[E](kind: pkByteString, bytes: x)
elif T is array | seq:
result = Preserve[E](kind: pkSequence, sequence: newSeqOfCap[Preserve[E]](x.len))
for v in x.items: result.sequence.add(toPreserve(v, E))
elif T is set:
result = Preserve[E](kind: pkSet, set: newSeqOfCap[Preserve[E]](x.len))
for v in x.items: result.incl(toPreserve(v, E))
elif T is bool:
result = Preserve[E](kind: pkBoolean, bool: x)
elif T is float32:
result = Preserve[E](kind: pkFloat, float: x)
elif T is float64:
result = Preserve[E](kind: pkDouble, double: x)
elif T is tuple:
result = Preserve[E](kind: pkSequence,
sequence: newSeqOfCap[Preserve[E]](tupleLen(T)))
for xf in fields(x):
result.sequence.add(toPreserve(xf, E))
elif T is Ordinal:
result = Preserve[E](kind: pkSignedInteger, int: x.ord.BiggestInt)
elif T is ptr | ref:
if system.`==`(x, nil): result = toSymbol("null", E)
else: result = toPreserve(x[], E)
elif T is string:
result = Preserve[E](kind: pkString, string: x)
elif T is SomeInteger:
result = Preserve[E](kind: pkSignedInteger, int: x.BiggestInt)
elif T is Symbol:
result = Preserve[E](kind: pkSymbol, symbol: x)
elif T is distinct:
result = toPreserve(x.distinctBase, E)
elif T is object:
template applyEmbed(key: string; v: var Preserve[E]) {.used.} =
when x.dot(key).hasCustomPragma(preservesEmbedded):
v.embedded = true
template fieldToPreserve(key: string; val: typed): Preserve {.used.} =
when x.dot(key).hasCustomPragma(preservesLiteral):
const lit = parsePreserves(x.dot(key).getCustomPragmaVal(preservesLiteral))
cast[Preserve[E]](lit)
else:
toPreserve(val, E)
when T.hasCustomPragma(unpreservable):
raiseAssert($T & " is unpreservable")
elif T.hasCustomPragma(preservesOr):
var hasKind, hasVariant: bool
for k, v in x.fieldPairs:
if k == "orKind":
assert(not hasKind)
hasKind = true
else:
assert(hasKind and not hasVariant)
result = fieldToPreserve(k, v)
applyEmbed(k, result)
hasVariant = true
elif T.hasCustomPragma(preservesRecord):
result = Preserve[E](kind: pkRecord)
for k, v in x.fieldPairs:
var pr = fieldToPreserve(k, v)
applyEmbed(k, pr)
result.record.add(pr)
result.record.add(tosymbol(T.getCustomPragmaVal(preservesRecord), E))
elif T.hasCustomPragma(preservesTuple):
result = initSequence[E]()
for label, field in x.fieldPairs:
when x.dot(label).hasCustomPragma(preservesTupleTail):
for y in field.items:
result.sequence.add(toPreserve(y, E))
# TODO: what if there are fields after the tail?
else:
var pr = fieldToPreserve(label, field)
applyEmbed(label, pr)
result.sequence.add(pr)
elif T.hasCustomPragma(preservesDictionary):
result = initDictionary[E]()
for key, val in x.fieldPairs:
var pr = fieldToPreserve(key, val)
applyEmbed(key, pr)
result[toSymbol(key, E)] = pr
else:
{.warning: "failed to preserve " & $T .}
result = toPreserveHook(x, E)
else:
{.warning: "failed to preserve " & $T .}
result = toPreserveHook(x, E)
# the hook doesn't compile but produces a useful error
trace T, " -> ", result
proc toPreserveHook*[T](set: HashSet[T]; E: typedesc): Preserve[E] =
## Hook for preserving ``HashSet``.
result = Preserve[E](kind: pkSet, set: newSeqOfCap[Preserve[E]](set.len))
for e in set: result.incl toPreserve(e, E)
proc toPreserveHook*[A, B](table: Table[A, B]|TableRef[A, B], E: typedesc): Preserve[E] =
## Hook for preserving ``Table``.
result = initDictionary[E]()
for k, v in table.pairs:
result[toPreserve(k, E)] = toPreserve(v, E)
func containsNativeEmbeds[E](pr: Preserve[E]): bool =
## Check if a `Preserve[E]` is convertible to `Preserve[void]`.
when not E is void:
if pr.kind in compoundKinds:
for e in pr.items:
if e.containsNativeEmbeds:
result = true
break
elif pr.kind == pkEmbedded:
result = true
proc fromPreserve*[T, E](v: var T; pr: Preserve[E]): bool =
## Inplace version of `preserveTo`. Returns ``true`` on
## a complete match, otherwise returns ``false``.
## Can be customized with `fromPreserveHook[E](x: T; var pr: Preserve[E]): bool`.
## Any ``fromPreserveHook`` that does not compile will be discarded;
## *Write tests for your hooks!*
##
## When `tracePreserves` is defined (`-d:tracePreserves`) a diagnostic
## trace is printing during `fromPreserve`.
# TODO: {.raises: [].}
runnableExamples:
type Foo {.preservesRecord: "foo".} = object
x, y: int
var foo: Foo
assert(fromPreserve(foo, parsePreserves("""<foo 1 2>""")))
assert(foo.x == 1)
assert(foo.y == 2)
when T is E:
if not pr.embedded and pr.kind == pkEmbedded:
v = pr.embed
result = true
elif T is Preserve[E]:
v = pr
result = true
elif T is Preserve[void]:
if pr.containsNativeEmbeds:
raise newException(ValueError,
"cannot convert Preserve value with embedded " & $E & " values")
v = cast[T](pr)
result = true
elif T is Preserve:
{.error: "cannot convert " & $T & " from " & $Preserve[E].}
elif compiles(fromPreserveHook(v, pr)):
result = fromPreserveHook(v, pr)
elif T is enum:
if pr.isSymbol:
try:
v = parseEnum[T](string pr.symbol)
result = true
except ValueError: discard
elif T is bool:
if pr.kind == pkBoolean:
v = pr.bool
result = true
elif T is SomeInteger:
if pr.kind == pkSignedInteger:
v = T(pr.int)
result = true
elif T is seq[byte]:
if pr.kind == pkByteString:
v = pr.bytes
result = true
elif T is seq:
if pr.kind == pkSequence:
v.setLen(pr.len)
result = true
for i, e in pr.sequence:
result = result and fromPreserve(v[i], e)
if not result:
v.setLen 0
break
elif T is float32:
if pr.kind == pkFloat:
v = pr.float
result = true
elif T is float64:
case pr.kind
of pkFloat:
v = pr.float
result = true
of pkDouble:
v = pr.double
result = true
else: discard
elif T is Ordinal | SomeInteger:
if pr.kind == pkSignedInteger:
v = (T)pr.int
result = true
elif T is string:
case pr.kind
of pkString:
v = pr.string
result = true
of pkSymbol:
# loose convertability of Preserves symbol to Nim string
v = string pr.symbol
result = true
else: discard
elif T is Symbol:
if pr.kind == pkSymbol:
v = pr.symbol
result = true
elif T is distinct:
result = fromPreserve(v.distinctBase, pr)
elif T is tuple:
case pr.kind
of pkRecord, pkSequence:
if pr.len <= tupleLen(T):
result = true
var i {.used.}: int
for f in fields(v):
if result and i < pr.len:
result = result and fromPreserve(f, pr[i])
inc i
of pkDictionary:
if tupleLen(T) == pr.len:
result = true
for key, val in fieldPairs(v):
let pv = step(pr, toSymbol(key, E))
result =
if pv.isSome: fromPreserve(val, get pv)
else: false
if not result: break
else: discard
elif T is ref:
if isNil(v): new(v)
result = fromPreserve(v[], pr)
elif T is object:
template fieldFromPreserve(key: string; val: typed; pr: Preserve[E]): bool {.used.} =
when v.dot(key).hasCustomPragma(preservesLiteral):
const lit = parsePreserves(v.dot(key).getCustomPragmaVal(preservesLiteral))
pr == lit
else:
fromPreserve(val, pr)
when T.hasCustomPragma(unpreservable):
raiseAssert($T & " is unpreservable")
elif T.hasCustomPragma(preservesRecord):
if pr.isRecord and pr.label.isSymbol(T.getCustomPragmaVal(preservesRecord)):
result = true
var i: int
for key, val in fieldPairs(v):
if result and i <= pr.len:
result = result and fieldFromPreserve(key, val, pr.record[i])
inc i
result = result and (i == pr.len)
elif T.hasCustomPragma(preservesTuple):
if pr.isSequence:
result = true
var i: int
for name, field in fieldPairs(v):
when v.dot(name).hasCustomPragma(preservesTupleTail):
if pr.len >= i:
setLen(v.dot(name), pr.len - i)
var j: int
while result and i < pr.len:
result = result and fieldFromPreserve(name, v.dot(name)[j], pr.sequence[i])
inc i
inc j
else:
if result and i < pr.len:
result = result and fieldFromPreserve(name, field, pr.sequence[i])
inc i
result = result and (i == pr.len)
elif T.hasCustomPragma(preservesDictionary):
if pr.isDictionary:
result = true
var i: int
for key, _ in fieldPairs(v):
let val = pr.getOrDefault(toSymbol(key, E))
result = result and fieldFromPreserve(
key, v.dot(key), val)
if not result: break
inc i
result = result and (i == pr.len)
elif T.hasCustomPragma(preservesOr):
for kind in typeof(T.orKind):
v = T(orKind: kind)
var fieldWasFound = false
for key, val in fieldPairs(v):
when key != "orKind": # fieldPairs unwraps early
result = fieldFromPreserve(key, v.dot(key), pr)
fieldWasFound = true
break
if not fieldWasFound:
# hopefully a `discard` of-branch, so discard `pr`
result = true
if result: break
else:
if pr.isDictionary:
result = true
var i: int
for key, _ in fieldPairs(v):
let val = pr.getOrDefault(toSymbol(key, E))
result = result and fieldFromPreserve(
key, v.dot(key), val)
if not result: break
inc i
result = result and (i == pr.len)
else:
result = fromPreserveHook(v, pr)
# a previous branch determined that the hook does not compile but
# calling it here explicitly produces a reasonable compiler error
if not result:
trace T, " !- ", pr
else:
trace T, " <- ", pr
proc preserveTo*(pr: Preserve; T: typedesc): Option[T] =
## Reverse of `toPreserve`.
# TODO: {.raises: [].}
runnableExamples:
import std/options
type Foo {.preservesRecord: "foo".} = object
x, y: int
assert(parsePreserves("""<foo "abc">""").preserveTo(Foo).isNone)
assert(parsePreserves("""<bar 1 2>""").preserveTo(Foo).isNone)
assert(parsePreserves("""<foo 1 2>""").preserveTo(Foo).isSome)
var v: T
if fromPreserve(v, pr):
result = some(move v)
proc fromPreserveHook*[T, E](v: var set[T]; pr: Preserve[E]): bool =
## Hook for unpreserving a `set`.
if pr.kind == pkSet:
reset v
result = true
var vv: T
for e in pr.set:
result = fromPreserve(vv, e)
if result:
v.incl vv
else:
reset v
break
proc fromPreserveHook*[T, E](set: var HashSet[T]; pr: Preserve[E]): bool =
## Hook for preserving ``HashSet``.
if pr.kind == pkSet:
result = true
set.init(pr.set.len)
var e: T
for pe in pr.set:
result = fromPreserve(e, pe)
if not result: break
set.incl(move e)
proc fromPreserveHook*[A,B,E](t: var (Table[A,B]|TableRef[A,B]); pr: Preserve[E]): bool =
if pr.isDictionary:
when t is TableRef[A,B]:
if t.isNil: new t
result = true
var a: A
var b: B
for (k, v) in pr.dict.items:
result = fromPreserve(a, k) and fromPreserve(b, v)
if not result:
clear t
break
t[move a] = move b
when isMainModule:
var t: Table[int, string]
var pr = t.toPreserveHook(void)
assert fromPreserveHook(t, pr)
proc apply*[E](result: var Preserve[E]; op: proc(_: var Preserve[E])) =
proc recurse(result: var Preserve[E]) = apply(result, op)
op(result)
case result.kind
of pkBoolean, pkFloat, pkDouble, pkSignedInteger, pkString, pkByteString, pkSymbol, pkEmbedded: discard
of pkRecord:
apply(result.record, recurse)
of pkSequence:
apply(result.sequence, recurse)
of pkSet:
apply(result.set, recurse)
of pkDictionary:
apply(result.dict) do (e: var DictEntry[E]):
recurse(e.key)
recurse(e.val)
proc mapEmbeds*(pr: sink Preserve[void]; E: typedesc): Preserve[E] =
## Convert `Preserve[void]` to `Preserve[E]` using `fromPreserve` for `E`.
when E is void: {.error: "E cannot be void".}
if pr.embedded:
pr.embedded = false
result = Preserve[E](kind: pkEmbedded)
if not fromPreserve(result.embed, pr):
raise newException(ValueError, "failed to convert " & $E & " from " & $pr)
else:
case pr.kind
of pkBoolean, pkFloat, pkDouble, pkSignedInteger, pkString, pkByteString, pkSymbol:
result = cast[Preserve[E]](pr)
of pkRecord:
result = Preserve[E](kind: pr.kind)
result.record = map(pr.record) do (x: Preserve[void]) -> Preserve[E]:
mapEmbeds(x, E)
of pkSequence:
result = Preserve[E](kind: pr.kind)
result.sequence = map(pr.sequence) do (x: Preserve[void]) -> Preserve[E]:
mapEmbeds(x, E)
of pkSet:
result = Preserve[E](kind: pr.kind)
result.set = map(pr.set) do (x: Preserve[void]) -> Preserve[E]:
mapEmbeds(x, E)
of pkDictionary:
result = Preserve[E](kind: pr.kind)
result.dict = map(pr.dict) do (e: DictEntry[void]) -> DictEntry[E]:
(mapEmbeds(e.key, E), mapEmbeds(e.val, E))
of pkEmbedded:
result = Preserve[E](kind: pkEmbedded)
if not fromPreserve(result.embed, pr):
raise newException(ValueError, "failed to convert embedded " & $E)
proc mapEmbeds*[A, B](pr: sink Preserve[A]; op: proc (v: A): B): Preserve[B] =
## Convert `Preserve[A]` to `Preserve[B]` using an `A → B` procedure.
runnableExamples:
import std/tables
type MacGuffin = ref object
stuff: void
var registry = {20: new MacGuffin}.toTable
let
a = [ 20.embed ].toPreserve(int)
b = mapEmbeds(a) do (i: int) -> MacGuffin:
registry[i]
assert typeof(b[0].unembed) is MacGuffin
when A is Preserve: {.error: "cannot mapEmbeds from Preserve[Preserve[…]]".}
when B is Preserve: {.error: "cannot mapEmbeds to Preserve[Preserve[…]]".}
if pr.embedded:
var
e: A
pr = pr # TODO: avoid copy
pr.embedded = false
if not fromPreserve(e, pr):
raise newException(ValueError, "failed to map across embedded types")
result = embed op(e)
else:
case pr.kind
of pkBoolean, pkFloat, pkDouble, pkSignedInteger, pkString, pkByteString, pkSymbol:
result = cast[Preserve[B]](pr)
of pkRecord:
result = Preserve[B](kind: pr.kind)
result.record = map(pr.record) do (x: Preserve[A]) -> Preserve[B]:
mapEmbeds(x, op)
of pkSequence:
result = Preserve[B](kind: pr.kind)
result.sequence = map(pr.sequence) do (x: Preserve[A]) -> Preserve[B]:
mapEmbeds(x, op)
of pkSet:
result = Preserve[B](kind: pr.kind)
result.set = map(pr.set) do (x: Preserve[A]) -> Preserve[B]:
mapEmbeds(x, op)
of pkDictionary:
result = Preserve[B](kind: pr.kind)
result.dict = map(pr.dict) do (e: DictEntry[A]) -> DictEntry[B]:
(mapEmbeds(e.key, op), mapEmbeds(e.val, op))
of pkEmbedded:
result = embed op(pr.embed)
proc contract*[E](pr: sink Preserve[E]; op: proc (v: E): Preserve[void]): Preserve[void] =
## Convert `Preserve[E]` to `Preserve[void]` using an `E → Preserve[void]` procedure.
if not pr.embedded:
case pr.kind
of pkBoolean, pkFloat, pkDouble, pkSignedInteger, pkString, pkByteString, pkSymbol:
result = cast[Preserve[void]](pr)
of pkRecord:
result = Preserve[void](kind: pr.kind)
result.record = map(pr.record) do (x: Preserve[E]) -> Preserve[void]:
contract(x, op)
of pkSequence:
result = Preserve[void](kind: pr.kind)
result.sequence = map(pr.sequence) do (x: Preserve[E]) -> Preserve[void]:
contract(x, op)
of pkSet:
result = Preserve[void](kind: pr.kind)
result.set = map(pr.set) do (x: Preserve[E]) -> Preserve[void]:
contract(x, op)
of pkDictionary:
result = Preserve[void](kind: pr.kind)
result.dict = map(pr.dict) do (e: DictEntry[E]) -> DictEntry[void]:
(contract(e.key, op), contract(e.val, op))
of pkEmbedded:
result = embed op(pr.embed)
proc expand*[E](pr: sink Preserve[void]; op: proc (v: Preserve[void]): Preserve[E]): Preserve[E] =
## Convert `Preserve[void]` to `Preserve[E]` using an `Preserve[void] → Preserve[E]` procedure.
if pr.embedded:
result = op(pr)
else:
case pr.kind
of pkBoolean, pkFloat, pkDouble, pkSignedInteger, pkString, pkByteString, pkSymbol:
result = cast[Preserve[E]](pr)
of pkRecord:
result = Preserve[E](kind: pr.kind)
result.record = map(pr.record) do (x: Preserve[void]) -> Preserve[E]:
expand(x, op)
of pkSequence:
result = Preserve[E](kind: pr.kind)
result.sequence = map(pr.sequence) do (x: Preserve[void]) -> Preserve[E]:
expand(x, op)
of pkSet:
result = Preserve[E](kind: pr.kind)
result.set = map(pr.set) do (x: Preserve[void]) -> Preserve[E]:
expand(x, op)
of pkDictionary:
result = Preserve[E](kind: pr.kind)
result.dict = map(pr.dict) do (e: DictEntry[void]) -> DictEntry[E]:
(expand(e.key, op), expand(e.val, op))
of pkEmbedded:
result = op(pr.embed)
proc getOrDefault*[T, V](pr: Preserve[T]; key: string; default: V): V =
## Retrieves the value of `pr[key]` if `pr` is a dictionary containing `key`
## or returns the `default` value.
var sym = toSymbol(key, T)
if pr.kind == pkDictionary:
for (k, v) in pr.dict:
if sym == k:
if fromPreserve(result, v): return
else: break
default
proc writeText*[E](stream: Stream; pr: Preserve[E]) =
## Encode Preserves to a `Stream` as text.
if pr.embedded: write(stream, "#!")
case pr.kind:
of pkBoolean:
case pr.bool
of false: write(stream, "#f")
of true: write(stream, "#t")
of pkFloat:
write(stream, $pr.float)
write(stream, 'f')
of pkDouble:
write(stream, $pr.double)
of pkSignedInteger:
write(stream, $pr.int)
of pkString:
write(stream, escapeJson(pr.string))
of pkByteString:
if pr.bytes.allIt(char(it) in {' '..'!', '#'..'~'}):
write(stream, "#\"")
write(stream, cast[string](pr.bytes))
write(stream, '"')
else:
if pr.bytes.len > 64:
write(stream, "#[") #]#
write(stream, base64.encode(pr.bytes))
write(stream, ']')
else:
const alphabet = "0123456789abcdef"
write(stream, "#x\"")
for b in pr.bytes:
write(stream, alphabet[int(b shr 4)])
write(stream, alphabet[int(b and 0xf)])
write(stream, '"')
of pkSymbol:
let sym = pr.symbol.string
if sym.len > 0 and sym[0] in {'A'..'z'} and not sym.anyIt(char(it) in { '\x00'..'\x19', '"', '\\', '|' }):
write(stream, sym)
else:
write(stream, '|')
for c in sym:
case c
of '\\':
write(stream, "\\\\")
of '/':
write(stream, "\\/")
of '\x08':
write(stream, "\\b")
of '\x0c':
write(stream, "\\f")
of '\x0a':
write(stream, "\\n")
of '\x0d':
write(stream, "\\r")
of '\x09':
write(stream, "\\t")
of '|':
write(stream, "\\|")
else:
write(stream, c)
write(stream, '|')
of pkRecord:
assert(pr.record.len > 0)
write(stream, '<')
writeText(stream, pr.record[pr.record.high])
for i in 0..<pr.record.high:
write(stream, ' ')
writeText(stream, pr.record[i])
write(stream, '>')
of pkSequence:
write(stream, '[')
var insertWhitespace: bool
for val in pr.sequence:
if insertWhitespace: write(stream, ' ')
else: insertWhitespace = true
writeText(stream, val)
write(stream, ']')
of pkSet:
write(stream, "#{")
var insertWhitespace: bool
for val in pr.set.items:
if insertWhitespace: write(stream, ' ')
else: insertWhitespace = true
writeText(stream, val)
write(stream, '}')
of pkDictionary:
write(stream, '{')
var insertWhitespace: bool
for (key, value) in pr.dict.items:
if insertWhitespace: write(stream, ' ')
else: insertWhitespace = true
writeText(stream, key)
write(stream, ": ")
writeText(stream, value)
write(stream, '}')
of pkEmbedded:
write(stream, "#!")
write(stream, $pr.embed)
proc `$`*[E](pr: Preserve[E]): string =
## Generate the textual representation of ``pr``.
var stream = newStringStream()
writeText(stream, pr)
result = move stream.data
include ./preserves/private/parse